Endothelin-1, nitric oxide, serotonin and high blood pressure in male adolescents

Abstract

BackgroundEssential arterial hypertension (EAH) in adolescents represents a social burden. The endothelium is involved in the pathogenesis of EAH. Imbalance of key vasoactive factors – namely nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) – is observed, and serotonin (5-HT) release is also impaired. The relationship between the factors and high blood pressure (BP) has been established mainly in preclinical studies and in the adult age. The aim of the present manuscript is to establish the association between plasma ET-1, serum NO and 5-HT, platelet 5-HT levels and BP in male adolescents, analyzing their concentrations in controls, prehypertensive and hypertensive children. Consequently, we want to evaluate ET-1, NO and 5-HT levels as preclinical biomarkers of EAH.MethodsOutpatient adolescents, examined at Children’s Republican Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan, were recruited between 26th of May and 25th of September 2016. Predictor variables identified were plasma ET-1, serum NO and 5-HT levels and were evaluated in serum and platelets of case and control groups.ResultsPlasma ET-1 and serum 5-HT concentrations in prehypertensive and hypertensive children were higher than in controls, with hypertensive adolescents showing higher levels of both factors compared with prehypertensive adolescents. Platelet 5-HT levels were lower in prehypertensive and hypertensive children compared with controls, while serum NO levels were higher in prehypertensive children than in hypertensive children.ConclusionMeasurable ET-1, NO and 5-HT are related to BP in adolescents and may serve as diagnostic biomarkers of EAH. Furthermore, they could help to better define prehypertensive and hypertensive children.

The study of flow-mediated vasodilation of the brachial artery and other markers of endothelial function in children with familial hypercholesterolemia

“…Оксид азота служит локальным тканевым регулятором, поддерживающим вазодилатацию [15,28]. В ранее проведенных исследованиях показано уменьшение его концентрации у подростков при стабильной артериальной гипертензии [20,29,30], ожирении [31,32], сахарном диабете [31], заболеваниях почек [32], что указывает на истощение вазодилатирующей функции эндотелия.…”

Plasma Concentration of Endothelin-1 in Patients With Hypertension Associated With Obesity, Depending on the Lys198asn Polymorphism of the Endothelin-1 Gene

“…Все частіше визнається, що це пов'язано з АГ [2]. На найбільш ранніх етапах розвитку АГ в патологічний процес включається ендотелій судин, що виділяє ЕТ-1, який володіючи вазоконстрикторною дією, бере участь в регуляції судинного тонусу, підвищення якого відіграє важливу роль в розвитку і прогресуванні ряду серцево-судинних захворювань [3,4].…”

Dopamine in the Pathophysiology of Preeclampsia and Gestational Hypertension: Monoamine Oxidase (MAO) and Catechol-O-methyl Transferase (COMT) as Possible Mechanisms

“…Several studies have reported on the role of these neurotransmitters in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases (e.g., hypertension) [44–54].…”

“…High serotonin levels have been reported to play a role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and hypertension [44–54]. A study conducted by Aflyatumova et al looking at endothelin-1, nitric oxide, and serotonin in male adolescents showed that both endothelin-1 and serotonin serum concentration levels were increased in prehypertensive and hypertensive individuals compared to controls.…”

“…A study conducted by Aflyatumova et al looking at endothelin-1, nitric oxide, and serotonin in male adolescents showed that both endothelin-1 and serotonin serum concentration levels were increased in prehypertensive and hypertensive individuals compared to controls. They also observed increased levels of NO in prehypertensive individuals compared to controls and hypertensive individuals [54]. Serotonin has also been implicated to play a role in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy [55–57].…”