Energy contribution of NOVA food groups and the nutritional profile of the Brazilian rural workers' diets

Cattafesta, Monica; Petarli, Glenda Blaser; Zandonade, Eliana; Bezerra, Olívia Maria de Paula Alves; Abreu, Sandra; Salaroli, Luciane Bresciani

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0240756

Cited by 20 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…However, when compared with worldwide evaluations of UPF consumption, the presented results are reasonably consistent and comparable [47]. For instance, a study conducted on 740 Brazilian rural farmers reported that the largest caloric contribution to their diet was provided by minimally processed foods (64.7%), while UPFs contributed only minimally (5.2%); however, a higher dietary share of UPFs led to a lower intake of all macro-and micronutrients, without a distinction between healthy and unhealthy ones [48]. A study conducted on 223 Colombian school children from lowto middle-income families reported that increased shares of processed foods and UPFs in the diet (representing 34.4% of total daily energy intake) was accompanied by a lower intake of vitamins A, B12, C, and E, calcium, and zinc, and a higher intake of sodium, sugar, and trans-fatty acids [49].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Ultra-Processed Foods and Nutritional Dietary Profile: A Meta-Analysis of Nationally Representative Samples

et al. 2021

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Excessive consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs), as described by the NOVA classification system, represents a potential threat to human health. The nutritional composition of UPFs may explain their observed adverse effects. The present study aimed to provide a quantitative meta-analysis of nationally representative surveys on the consumption of UPFs and the dietary/nutrient composition of respondents’ diets. A systematic search for relevant studies published prior to July 2021 was conducted via electronic databases. The studies that provided the dietary/nutrient composition of foods categorized according to the NOVA classification system were selected. The association between UPFs and other dietary variables was modelled using ordinary least squares linear regression based on aggregated data extracted from the selected articles. Consumption of UPFs represented up to 80% of total caloric intake in the US and Canada, with confectionery and sugar-sweetened beverages being the most consumed items. When considered in relation to other food groups, an inverse linear relation between UPFs and less-processed foods was evident. Increased UPF intake correlated with an increase in free sugars, total fats, and saturated fats, as well as a decrease in fiber, protein, potassium, zinc, and magnesium, and vitamins A, C, D, E, B12, and niacin. In conclusion, the data indicate that increased UPF consumption negatively affects the nutritional quality of diets.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Ultra-Processed Foods and Nutritional Dietary Profile: A Meta-Analysis of Nationally Representative Samples

et al. 2021

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“…Only 8.8% ( n = 65) of farmers had lower consumption than the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) of 55 μg/day established for this nutrient. These results are possibly due to the high consumption of meat, eggs and minimally processed food sources identified in this population ( 18 , 52 ). The high intake of this micronutrient in the Brazilian population has also been reported by other studies ( 53 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Association of Selenium Intake and Development of Depression in Brazilian Farmers

et al. 2021

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Introduction: Depression and deficiency in the consumption of micronutrients are a public health problem, especially in the rural population. The deficiency in selenium consumption affects mental health, contributing to the development of major depressive disorders. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate selenium intake and its association with depressive symptoms in farmers in southeastern Brazil.Material and Methods: Epidemiological, cross-sectional, and analytical study with 736 farmers aged between 18 and 59. A semistructured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic, lifestyle and clinical condition data. For evaluation of food intake, three 24-h recalls were applied, and for identification of depressive episodes, the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview was conducted.Results: A total of 16.1% (n = 119) of the farmers presented symptoms of major depressive episodes, 5.8% (n = 43) presented symptoms of current depressive episodes, and 10.3% (n = 76) presented symptoms of recurrent major depressive episodes. Sociodemographic factors associated with depression were gender (p < 0.001), marital status (p = 0.004), and socioeconomic class (p = 0.015). The consumption of high doses of selenium was associated with a reduction of ~54% in the chances of occurrence of depression (OR = 0.461; 95% CI = 0.236–0.901).Conclusion: High selenium intake is associated with a lower prevalence of depression even after adjusting for sociodemographic variables, lifestyle, and pesticide intoxication. The findings of this study contributed to highlighting the high prevalence of depression in rural areas and its relationship with selenium intake.

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“…Recent studies demonstrate that, in fact, apart from the problems related to the type of work activity performed, there is also a high prevalence of other chronic diseases in the field that are common to a more urbanized lifestyle, such as high blood pressure [ 28 , 52 , 54 , 55 , 65 , 66 ], dyslipidemia [ 28 , 54 , 55 ], and diabetes mellitus [ 65 – 67 ]; all conditions closely related to general and abdominal obesity [ 6 ]. Specifically in this same population, we could already identify high prevalences of multimorbidity [ 27 ], cardiovascular risk [ 28 ], hypertension [ 29 ], depression [ 32 , 33 ] and consumption to industrialized foods [ 30 , 31 ], however, obesity had not yet been studied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is important to mention that other studies that evaluated food consumption in rural areas identified that many individuals in these regions maintained their consumption of traditional foods, such as rice, breads, leafy beans, beans, cow’s milk, animal fats, margarine, sugar, cassava flour and coffee [ 30 , 57 , 91 – 93 ]. However, it is also possible to notice an increase in consumption of industrialized foods [ 30 , 31 , 93 – 96 ], which demonstrates that factors associated with globalization also affect eating habits in rural areas [ 30 , 66 , 94 – 97 ]. Although agricultural residents have options to obtain their food from their plantations or through community sharing, they may have limited availability of healthy food due to the long distances from places that sell food, in addition to the high prices of some items in small local markets, low availability of transport for access to cheaper products and difficulty of storing these foods [ 98 , 99 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and determinants of obesity and abdominal obesity among rural workers in Southeastern Brazil

et al. 2022

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The objectives of this study were to assess the nutritional status of rural workers from a municipality in Southeastern Brazil and estimate the association of sociodemographic, labor, lifestyle, and dietary pattern factors with obesity and abdominal obesity of men and women of this rural area. This is a cross-sectional, epidemiological study of 740 farmers (51.5%, n = 381 males; 48.5%, n = 359 females). The sociodemographic, labor, lifestyle and dietary patterns determinants were assessed. Food intake data were obtained by applying three 24-hour recalls and dietary patterns were determined by Principal Component Analysis with Varimax orthogonal rotation. Poisson regression with robust variance stratified by sex was applied. The general prevalence of overweight status was 31.5% (95% CI 28.2–34.8%), 19.7% of obesity (95% CI 16.8–22.6%) and 31.5% of abdominal obesity (95% CI 28.2–34.8%), with higher rates in women (P < 0.001). Men of higher socioeconomic class had a 2.3 times higher prevalence of obesity (95% CI 1.08–4.90). In addition, the shorter travel time to purchase food increased the prevalence of abdominal obesity in males. For women, the older the age group, the greater the general and central obesity. A lower adherence to traditional dietary patterns (approximately PR [prevalence ratio] 1.6 for general obesity and PR 1.3 for abdominal obesity) and a greater number of places to buy food were associated with higher rates of obesity in women. Finally, women farmers with a higher workload had a 20% lower prevalence of central obesity (PR 0.80; 95% CI 0.65–0.97). Such findings demonstrate that obesity must be an issue in the health care of remote and rural populations. There is a need to promote healthier environments that respect traditional food culture through multiple approaches that consider the heterogeneity of rural areas and the differences between sexes.

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Energy contribution of NOVA food groups and the nutritional profile of the Brazilian rural workers' diets

Cited by 20 publications

References 49 publications

Ultra-Processed Foods and Nutritional Dietary Profile: A Meta-Analysis of Nationally Representative Samples

Ultra-Processed Foods and Nutritional Dietary Profile: A Meta-Analysis of Nationally Representative Samples

Association of Selenium Intake and Development of Depression in Brazilian Farmers

Prevalence and determinants of obesity and abdominal obesity among rural workers in Southeastern Brazil

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