Energy-Efficient Deployment and Adaptive Sleeping in Heterogeneous Cellular Networks

Li, Yun; Zhang, He; Wang, Junwei; Liu, Qilie; Daneshmand, Mahmoud

doi:10.1109/access.2019.2892226

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Deterministic coverage allows us to calculate the necessary distance between co-channel cells and avoid interference [9]. Despite this approach's effectiveness, this method sometimes becomes ineffective for highly dense urban scenarios where there are obstacles like building high traffic because of a huge number of users [10,11]. The deterministic method decreases rapidly due to such high fluctuations of cell load and the presence of skyscrapers that affects the network geometry negatively [12].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Power Control Framework for Small-Cell Heterogeneous Networks

Alsafasfeh

Saraereh

Ali

et al. 2020

Sensors

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Heterogeneous networks are rapidly emerging as one of the key enablers of beyond fifth-generation (5G) wireless networks. It is gradually becoming clear to the network operators that existing cellular networks may not be able to support the traffic demands of the future. Thus, there is an upsurge in the interest of efficiently deploying small-cell networks for accommodating a growing number of user equipment (UEs). This work further extends the state-of-the-art by proposing an optimization framework for reducing the power consumption of small-cell base stations (BSs). Specifically, a novel algorithm has been proposed which dynamically switches off the redundant small-cell BSs based on the traffic demands of the network. Due to the dynamicity of the formulated problem, a new UE admission control policy has been presented when the problem becomes infeasible to solve. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed solution, the simulation results are compared with conventional techniques. It is shown that the proposed power control solution outperforms the conventional approaches both in terms of accommodating more UEs and reducing power consumption.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Power Control Framework for Small-Cell Heterogeneous Networks

Alsafasfeh

Saraereh

Ali

et al. 2020

Sensors

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“…Results show that this method has reduced energy consumption compared to the conventional method. In [14], the authors proposed an energy efficiency method for HetNets. The base stations are distributed according to the Poisson point process distribution.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Results reveal that this method has enhanced energy efficiency. However, the authors of [13][14][15][16] neglected to consider the unnecessary HO and density of SCs as cost function, which may result in a high number of unnecessary HOs and an uneven load distribution in the network. Tao et al [17] presented a sleeping mechanism for SCs to reduce the energy consumption in the network.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Game theoretic handover optimisation for dense small cells heterogeneous networks

Alhabo¹,

Zhang²,

Nawaz³

et al. 2019

IET Communications

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Ultra-dense deployment of small cells is capable of enhancing the cellular network performance in terms of capacity improvement and coverage expansion. However, this deployment results in high interference and frequent handovers, and hence, high-energy consumption is expected. In this study, the authors formulate a non-cooperative game approach in which all base stations compete in a selfish manner to transmit at higher power. Each base station in the network is considered as a player in the game. The solution of the game is obtained by finding the optimal point, namely the Nash equilibrium. The proposed method, named efficient handover game theoretic, targets to manage the handover in dense small cell heterogeneous networks. Each player in the game optimises its payoff by adjusting the transmission power so as to enhance the overall performance in terms of throughput, handover, energy consumption, and load balancing. In order to choose the preferred transmission power for each player, the payoff function takes into account the gain of increasing the transmission power, energy consumption, base station load, and unnecessary handover. The cell selection is performed using the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS). A game theoretical approach is implemented and evaluated for dense small cell heterogeneous networks to validate the enhancement achieved in the proposed method. Results show that the proposed game theoretical approach provides a throughput enhancement while reducing the power consumption in addition to minimise the unnecessary handover and balance the load between base stations.

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“…The weak indoor penetration and the appearance of dead spots considerably reduce the indoor coverage under the traditional macrocell scenario. As a potential solution to overcome these issues, heterogeneous networks (overlay of small cell networks like micro/pico/femto cells with macro BS) offer significant network performance leap by means of higher network capacity and better coverage [19]- [23]. HetNets are the multi-tier cellular network, where the macro BSs act as a mother BS and provide a uniform coverage area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Energy Efficient Load Balancing for Sustainable Green Wireless Networks Under Optimal Power Supply

Hossain¹,

Jahid

Islam

et al. 2020

IEEE Access

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The enormous growth in the cellular networks and ubiquitous wireless services has incurred momentous energy consumption, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and thereby, imposed a great challenge to the development of energy-efficient sustainable cellular networks. With the augmentation of harvesting renewable energy, cellular base stations (BSs) are progressively being powered by renewable energy sources (RES) to reduce the energy crisis, carbon contents, and its dependency on conventional grid supply. Thus, the combined utilization of renewable energy sources with the electrical grid system is proving to be a more realistic option for developing an energy-efficient as well as an eco-sustainable system in the context of green mobile communications. The ultimate objective of this work is to develop a traffic-aware grid-connected solar photovoltaic (PV) optimal power supply system endeavoring the remote radio head (RRH) enabled heterogeneous networks (HetNets) aiming to minimize grid energy consumption and carbon footprint while ensuring long-term energy sustainability and energy efficiency (EE). Moreover, the load balancing technique is implemented among collocated BSs for better resource blocks (RBs) utilization and thereafter, the performance of the system is compared with an existing cell zooming enabled cellular architecture for benchmarking. Besides, the techno-economic feasibility of the envisaged system has been extensively analyzed using HOMER optimization software considering the dynamic nature of solar generation profile and traffic arrival rate. Furthermore, a thorough investigation is conducted with the help of Monte-Carlo simulations to assess the wireless network performance in terms of throughput, spectral efficiency (SE), and energy efficiency as well under a wide range of design scenarios. The numerical outcomes demonstrate that the proposed grid-tied solar PV/battery system can achieve a significant reduction of grid power consumption yielding up to 54.8% and ensure prominent energy sustainability with the effective modeling of renewable energy harvesting.

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Energy-Efficient Deployment and Adaptive Sleeping in Heterogeneous Cellular Networks

Cited by 17 publications

References 22 publications

Efficient Power Control Framework for Small-Cell Heterogeneous Networks

Efficient Power Control Framework for Small-Cell Heterogeneous Networks

Game theoretic handover optimisation for dense small cells heterogeneous networks

Towards Energy Efficient Load Balancing for Sustainable Green Wireless Networks Under Optimal Power Supply

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