Energy Harvesting Based Body Area Networks for Smart Health

Abstract

Body area networks (BANs) are configured with a great number of ultra-low power consumption wearable devices, which constantly monitor physiological signals of the human body and thus realize intelligent monitoring. However, the collection and transfer of human body signals consume energy, and considering the comfort demand of wearable devices, both the size and the capacity of a wearable device’s battery are limited. Thus, minimizing the energy consumption of wearable devices and optimizing the BAN energy efficiency is still a challenging problem. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an energy harvesting-based BAN for smart health and discuss an optimal resource allocation scheme to improve BAN energy efficiency. Specifically, firstly, considering energy harvesting in a BAN and the time limits of human body signal transfer, we formulate the energy efficiency optimization problem of time division for wireless energy transfer and wireless information transfer. Secondly, we convert the optimization problem into a convex optimization problem under a linear constraint and propose a closed-form solution to the problem. Finally, simulation results proved that when the size of data acquired by the wearable devices is small, the proportion of energy consumed by the circuit and signal acquisition of the wearable devices is big, and when the size of data acquired by the wearable devices is big, the energy consumed by the signal transfer of the wearable device is decisive.

A Joint Transmission Power Control and Duty-Cycle Approach for Smart Healthcare System

“…[16] design a joint TPC and relay strategy for the BANs and their proper correlation. In [18][19] develop combined user allocation and TPC approach for energy saving in femto-cell networks. [20][21], design TPC based technique for energy optimization in WSNs.…”

“…Fig.5 reveals the proposed system model with harvest-store-usecontrol (in the presence of TPC and duty-cycle adaptor) mechanism, and the BSN is configured as a star topology linked directly to the BS. In addition, energy and frequency of 1.9 nJ/b, and 2.4GHz in various standards such as, Bluetooth low energy (BLE) and IEEE 802.15.6,etc are adopted accordingly [18], while the modeled sensor and the reader are use 30mW analog signal processor integrated circuit (IC) to manage and monitor biomedical signals [19]. Besides, energy is harvested with (AP) at harvesting rate of () t  by following wireless energy transfer (WET) mechanism and stored in the battery then transferred to the BS in order to save the energy.…”

Performance modeling and optimization of multiple‐objective cross‐layer design in multi‐flow ad‐hoc networks

“…Moreover, in Mehta and Lobiyal, we proposed the utility optimization problem to explore the effect of different classes of utility functions under various network operating constraints. Y. Hao et al proposed an energy efficiency optimization problem for a TDMA‐based body area sensor network with its closed‐form solution. The authors in Dai et al considered a single‐objective of throughput maximization for routing in wireless mesh networks with traffic uncertainty.…”

“…Besides this, we have proposed joint optimization of three heterogeneous objectives compared with the previous research works involving only one or two objectives . To the best knowledge of the authors, our work is the first case which considers these three design goals together in a single cross‐layer optimization problem.…”

Wireless Cooperative Caching in Device-to-Device Networks: Simulation and Modeling

“…In traditional wireless networks, caching popular contents in the edge could effectively reduce the backhaul cost [28]energy consumption and transmission delay [29,30,31,32] as well as improving user experience, caching is also an effective way to improve the throughput of wireless communication system as well as the reliability of information routing in relay-based ad hoc systems [33,34]. In reference [35], the authors cached popular contents both in core networks and access networks; Reference [36,37] considered energy consumption, they formulate the optimal caching problem to obtain the optimal solution for minimizing the energy consumption of the base station and relay points. Considering that backhaul becomes a bottleneck in ultra dense networks (UDNs) of 5G while disk size increases quickly at a relatively low cost, the authors in [38] suggested equipping caches at the BSs to mitigate the load of backhaul links.…”