Engineering the gut microbiota to treat chronic diseases

Dosoky, Noura S.; May-Zhang, Linda S.; Davies, Sean S.

doi:10.1007/s00253-020-10771-0

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 130 publications

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“…Chronic diseases with major organ involvement such as the heart, liver, kidney and brain, linked with diabetes, obesity and hypertension have been identified as risk factors responsible for the severity of Covid‐19. Gut dysbiosis has been well demonstrated to play key roles in these metabolic diseases through chronic inflammation 45–47 . Thus, disturbed gut microbiota compositions in these diseases could perpetuate the reported increased severity of Covid‐19.…”

Section: Dysregulation Of the Intestinal Microbiota In Covid‐19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered gut microbial metabolites could mediate the effects of risk factors in Covid‐19

Chen¹,

Hall²,

Vitetta

2021

Reviews in Medical Virology

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Summary Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid‐19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection, is now pandemic. While most Covid‐19 patients will experience mild symptoms, a small proportion will develop severe disease, which could be fatal. Clinically, Covid‐19 patients manifest fever with dry cough, fatigue and dyspnoea, and in severe cases develop into acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), sepsis and multi‐organ failure. These severe patients are characterized by hyperinflammation with highly increased pro‐inflammatory cytokines including IL‐6, IL‐17 and TNF‐alpha as well as C‐reactive protein, which are accompanied by decreased lymphocyte counts. Clinical evidence supports that gut microbiota dysregulation is common in Covid‐19 and plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Covid‐19. In this narrative review, we summarize the roles of intestinal dysbiosis in Covid‐19 pathogenesis and posit that the associated mechanisms are being mediated by gut bacterial metabolites. Based on this premise, we propose possible clinical implications. Various risk factors could be causal for severe Covid‐19, and these include advanced age, concomitant chronic disease, SARS‐CoV‐2 infection of enterocytes, use of antibiotics and psychological distress. Gut dysbiosis is associated with risk factors and severe Covid‐19 due to decreased commensal microbial metabolites, which cause reduced anti‐inflammatory mechanisms and chronic low‐grade inflammation. The preconditioned immune dysregulation enables SARS‐CoV‐2 infection to progress to an uncontrolled hyperinflammatory response. Thus, a pre‐existing gut microbiota that is diverse and abundant could be beneficial for the prevention of severe Covid‐19, and supplementation with commensal microbial metabolites may facilitate and augment the treatment of severe Covid‐19.

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Section: Dysregulation Of the Intestinal Microbiota In Covid‐19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered gut microbial metabolites could mediate the effects of risk factors in Covid‐19

Chen¹,

Hall²,

Vitetta

2021

Reviews in Medical Virology

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“…Engineering the gut microflora with bacteria having low urease activity in mice, it was demonstrated that ammonia levels were dropping, as well as neurobehavioral effects and mortality ( 102 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Focus on the Gut–Kidney Axis in Health and Disease

et al. 2021

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The recent new developments in technology with culture-independent techniques including genome sequencing methodologies shed light on the identification of microbiota bacterial species and their role in health and disease. Microbiome is actually reported as an important predictive tool for evaluating characteristic shifts in case of disease. Our present review states the development of different renal diseases and pathologies linked to the intestinal dysbiosis, which impacts on host homeostasis. The gastrointestinal–kidney dialogue provides intriguing features in the pathogenesis of several renal diseases. Without any doubt, investigation of this interconnection consists one of the most cutting-edge areas of research with potential implications on our health.

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“…In the past decades, the use of genetic engineering and biological engineering to express proteins or polypeptides with specific functions using bifidobacteria as vectors has become a new therapeutic method [113,114]. Bifidobacterium is an excellent candidate for the development of living vectors for the production and delivery of heterologous proteins on mucosal surfaces.…”

Section: Future Perspectives Of Bifidobacterium Longum-associated Therapy In Ibdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bifidobacterium Longum: Protection against Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Yao

Zhao

Wang

et al. 2021

Journal of Immunology Research

129

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The prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), increases gradually worldwide in the past decades. IBD is generally associated with the change of the immune system and gut microbiota, and the conventional treatments usually result in some side effects. Bifidobacterium longum, as colonizing bacteria in the intestine, has been demonstrated to be capable of relieving colitis in mice and can be employed as an alternative or auxiliary way for treating IBD. Here, the mechanisms of the Bifidobacterium longum in the treatment of IBD were summarized based on previous cell and animal studies and clinical trials testing bacterial therapies. This review will be served as a basis for future research on IBD treatment.

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Engineering the gut microbiota to treat chronic diseases

Cited by 20 publications

References 130 publications

Altered gut microbial metabolites could mediate the effects of risk factors in Covid‐19

Altered gut microbial metabolites could mediate the effects of risk factors in Covid‐19

Focus on the Gut–Kidney Axis in Health and Disease

Bifidobacterium Longum: Protection against Inflammatory Bowel Disease

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