Enhanced bone formation in locally-optimised, low-stiffness additive manufactured titanium implants: An in silico and in vivo tibial advancement study

Shum, J.; Gadomski, Benjamin C.; Tredinnick, Seamus; Fok, Wilson; Fernandez, Justin; Nelson, Bradley D.; Palmer, Ross H.; McGilvray, Kirk C.; Hooper, Gary J.; Puttlitz, Christian M.; Easley, Jeremiah T.; Woodfield, Tim B. F.

doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2022.04.006

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…The low stiffness (149.53 ± 21.83 KPa) promote the MSCs tenogenic differentiation, and promote the M1 macrophage polarization [146] 0.6 GPa -0.8 GPa Ti-6Al-4 V alloy Ovine implantation in vivo The lower stiffness and higher strain surface improve early bone formation [165] 0.84 GPa -2.88 GPa Ti-mesh scaffolds Patients with the large bone defects…”

Section: Human Bmmscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decoding the “Fingerprint” of Implant Materials: Insights into the Foreign Body Reaction

Chen,

Luo,

Meng

et al. 2024

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Foreign body reaction (FBR) is a prevalent yet often overlooked pathological phenomenon, particularly within the field of biomedical implantation. The presence of FBR poses a heavy burden on both the medical and socioeconomic systems. This review seeks to elucidate the protein “fingerprint” of implant materials, which is generated by the physiochemical properties of the implant materials themselves. In this review, the activity of macrophages, the formation of foreign body giant cells (FBGCs), and the development of fibrosis capsules in the context of FBR are introduced. Additionally, the relationship between various implant materials and FBR is elucidated in detail, as is an overview of the existing approaches and technologies employed to alleviate FBR. Finally, the significance of implant components (metallic materials and non‐metallic materials), surface CHEMISTRY (charge and wettability), and physical characteristics (topography, roughness, and stiffness) in establishing the protein “fingerprint” of implant materials is also well documented. In conclusion, this review aims to emphasize the importance of FBR on implant materials and provides the current perspectives and approaches in developing implant materials with anti‐FBR properties.

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Section: Human Bmmscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decoding the “Fingerprint” of Implant Materials: Insights into the Foreign Body Reaction

Chen,

Luo,

Meng

et al. 2024

Small

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“…Critical sized implants, however, are subject to gradient loads thus they should combine regions of high and low porosities. Lattice designs with locally graded porosity to match the stiffness of bone (Wieding et al, 2014;Ghouse et al, 2019) and induce high strains to the host bone (Shum et al, 2022) have been previously proposed to mechanically stimulate osseointegration. In most cases, periodic lattices with varied strut thickness or unit cell type/size were used.…”

Section: A Design Framework For Stochastic Latticesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of nodal connectivity and strut density within stochastic titanium scaffolds on osteogenesis

Kechagias,

Theodoridis,

Broomfield

et al. 2023

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Modern orthopaedic implants use lattice structures that act as 3D scaffolds to enhance bone growth into and around implants. Stochastic scaffolds are of particular interest as they mimic the architecture of trabecular bone and can combine isotropic properties and adjustable structure. The existing research mainly concentrates on controlling the mechanical and biological performance of periodic lattices by adjusting pore size and shape. Still, less is known on how we can control the performance of stochastic lattices through their design parameters: nodal connectivity, strut density and strut thickness. To elucidate this, four lattice structures were evaluated with varied strut densities and connectivity, hence different local geometry and mechanical properties: low apparent modulus, high apparent modulus, and two with near-identical modulus. Pre-osteoblast murine cells were seeded on scaffolds and cultured in vitro for 28 days. Cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation were evaluated. Additionally, the expression levels of key osteogenic biomarkers were used to assess the effect of each design parameter on the quality of newly formed tissue. The main finding was that increasing connectivity increased the rate of osteoblast maturation, tissue formation and mineralisation. In detail, doubling the connectivity, over fixed strut density, increased collagen type-I by 140%, increased osteopontin by 130% and osteocalcin by 110%. This was attributed to the increased number of acute angles formed by the numerous connected struts, which facilitated the organization of cells and accelerated the cell cycle. Overall, increasing connectivity and adjusting strut density is a novel technique to design stochastic structures which combine a broad range of biomimetic properties and rapid ossification.

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“…Historical constraints in materials and processing techniques have traditionally led to the use of biocompatible medical-grade titanium alloys and straightforward porous structure designs when addressing extensive bone defects. However, the substantial rigidity disparity between titanium alloys and bone tissue and the non-degradable nature of these materials hampers the short-term regeneration of the surrounding bone [1,2]. This limitation results in stress concentration at the interface between implants and bone, inducing stress shielding effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design, Manufacture, and Characterization of a Critical-Sized Gradient Porosity Dual-Material Tibial Defect Scaffold

Lee,

Pan,

Chen

et al. 2024

Bioengineering

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This study proposed a composite tibia defect scaffold with radial gradient porosity, utilizing finite element analysis to assess stress in the tibial region with significant critical-sized defects. Simulations for scaffolds with different porosities were conducted, designing an optimal tibia defect scaffold with radial gradient porosity for repairing and replacing critical bone defects. Radial gradient porosity scaffolds resulted in a more uniform stress distribution, reducing titanium alloy stiffness and alleviating stress shielding effects. The scaffold was manufactured using selective laser melting (SLM) technology with stress relief annealing to simplify porous structure fabrication. The study used New Zealand white rabbits’ tibia defect sites as simulation parameters, reconstructing the 3D model and implanting the composite scaffold. Finite element analysis in ANSYS-Workbench simulated forces under high-activity conditions, analyzing stress distribution and strain. In the simulation, the titanium alloy scaffold bore a maximum stress of 122.8626 MPa, while the centrally encapsulated HAp material delivered 27.92 MPa. The design demonstrated superior structural strength, thereby reducing stress concentration. The scaffold was manufactured using SLM, and the uniform design method was used to determine a collection of optimum annealing parameters. Nanoindentation and compression tests were used to determine the influence of annealing on the elastic modulus, hardness, and strain energy of the scaffold.

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Enhanced bone formation in locally-optimised, low-stiffness additive manufactured titanium implants: An in silico and in vivo tibial advancement study

Cited by 13 publications

References 68 publications

Decoding the “Fingerprint” of Implant Materials: Insights into the Foreign Body Reaction

Decoding the “Fingerprint” of Implant Materials: Insights into the Foreign Body Reaction

The effect of nodal connectivity and strut density within stochastic titanium scaffolds on osteogenesis

Design, Manufacture, and Characterization of a Critical-Sized Gradient Porosity Dual-Material Tibial Defect Scaffold

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