2004
DOI: 10.1021/nl049699n
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Enhanced Introduction of Gold Nanoparticles into Vital Acidothiobacillus ferrooxidans by Carbon Nanotube-based Microwave Electroporation

Abstract: A novel method was developed to electroporate gram-negative bacteria (Acidothiobacillus ferrooxidans) via multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNTs). CNTs are metallic, ultra strong nanofibers of ∼10 nm in diameter and many microns long. When placed in an electric field, the CNTs strongly enhance the electric field at their ends by a factor of 10−100, making them ideal for localized electroporation. Addition of CNTs into a solution containing bacteria and gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and subsequent exposure to microwave r… Show more

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Cited by 115 publications
(79 citation statements)
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“…[78] The bacterial suspensions were prepared by the dispersion of pellet cells from a culture in a colloidal gold solution containing hydrophilic CNTs. The filtered bacterial suspension was centrifuged and the supernatant discarded.…”
Section: Wwwchemeurjorgmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[78] The bacterial suspensions were prepared by the dispersion of pellet cells from a culture in a colloidal gold solution containing hydrophilic CNTs. The filtered bacterial suspension was centrifuged and the supernatant discarded.…”
Section: Wwwchemeurjorgmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is clear, that while the CNT with the aspect ratio 5 enhances the field at the tip by a factor of 15, the tube with the aspect ratio 10 more than doubles that value to 35. Even though these calculations are static, they apply to the microwave fields as well, because the plasma frequencies of both CNTs and gold nanoparticles are much higher (UV range) than the microwave frequencies [12]. Since dipoles both on the surface and interstitial channels of nanotubes are involved in the activation of single wall CNTs [9], the interfacial mechanism for CNT-cell targeting was investigated.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…MW activated CNTs operating through the so-called "end tip" mode of action would have a greater potential for membrane discrimination, if the end tips are functionalised, thus creating molecular probes (resistant to proteasas) with potential applications in cell biology and biomedicine [12,13]. Further, this discovery allows us to explore their potential application as nanodevices for electroporation.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Some improved approaches, including disruption of endosomes, direct microinjection, electroporation, and conjugation of natural cell-penetrating/fusogenic chaperones to nanomaterials, have been utilized to enhance nanoparticle endocytic uptake with minimal toxicity [17][18][19]. Among these novel approaches, ultrasound (US) in combination with microbubbles (MBs) has received increasing interest as an activation mechanism for carrier delivery because of its advantages in spatial and temporal control of compound release [20][21][22][23].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%