Enhanced optical Kerr nonlinearity of graphene/Si hybrid waveguide

Feng, Qi; Cong, Huan; Zhang, Bin; Wei, Wen-Qi; Liang, Yueyin; Fang, Shaobo; Wang, Ting; Zhang, Jianjun

doi:10.1063/1.5064832

Cited by 86 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(45 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…[ 8,25 ] The giant Kerr nonlinear response of 2D layered materials such as graphene, graphene oxide (GO), black phosphorus, and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) has been widely recognized and exploited to implement diverse nonlinear photonic devices with high performance and new capabilities. [ 25–35 ] In particular, a 6.8 dB enhancement in the FWM CE was reported for a silicon MRR incorporating a monolayer of doped graphene. [ 31 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

2D Layered Graphene Oxide Films Integrated with Micro‐Ring Resonators for Enhanced Nonlinear Optics

Yang

et al. 2020

Small

167

220

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Layered 2D graphene oxide (GO) films are integrated with micro‐ring resonators (MRRs) to experimentally demonstrate enhanced nonlinear optics. Both uniformly coated (1−5 layers) and patterned (10−50 layers) GO films are integrated on complementary‐metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (CMOS)‐compatible doped silica MRRs using a large‐area, transfer‐free, layer‐by‐layer GO coating method with precise control of the film thickness. The patterned devices further employ photolithography and lift‐off processes to enable precise control of the film placement and coating length. Four‐wave‐mixing (FWM) measurements for different pump powers and resonant wavelengths show a significant improvement in efficiency of ≈7.6 dB for a uniformly coated device with 1 GO layer and ≈10.3 dB for a patterned device with 50 GO layers. The measurements agree well with theory, with the enhancement in FWM efficiency resulting from the high Kerr nonlinearity and low loss of the GO films combined with the strong light–matter interaction within the MRRs. The dependence of GO's third‐order nonlinearity on layer number and pump power is also extracted from the FWM measurements, revealing interesting physical insights about the evolution of the GO films from 2D monolayers to quasi bulk‐like behavior. These results confirm the high nonlinear optical performance of integrated photonic resonators incorporated with 2D layered GO films.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

2D Layered Graphene Oxide Films Integrated with Micro‐Ring Resonators for Enhanced Nonlinear Optics

Yang

et al. 2020

Small

167

220

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Four steps for the in-situ assembly of monolayer GO films were repeated to construct multilayer films on the SOI nanowire. Our GO coating approach, unlike the sophisticated transfer processes employed for coating other 2D materials such as graphene and TMDCs [33,34], enables transfer-free GO film coating on integrated photonic devices, with highly scalable fabrication processes and precise control of the number of GO layers (i.e., GO film thickness).…”

Section: Device Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The τc term in Eq. (7) can be ignored since the pulse duration (~3.9 ps) is much less than τc so that the generated free carriers do not have time to recombine within the pulse duration [34,49]. The measured EIL of the bare SOI nanowire as a function of the coupled pulse energy is shown in Figure 7(a) along with the fit EIL calculated from Eqs.…”

Section: Spm Spectral Broadeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The giant Kerr nonlinearity of 2D layered materials such as graphene, graphene oxide (GO), black phosphorus, and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) has been widely recognized and has enabled diverse nonlinear photonic devices with high performance and new functionalities [28][29][30][31][32]. In particular, enhanced spectral broadening of optical pulses has been reported for SOI nanowires with transferred MoS2 and graphene [33][34][35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Transforming silicon into a high performing in tegrated nonlinear photonics platform by integrati on with 2D graphene oxide films

Moss¹,

Jiao²,

Wu³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Layered two-dimensional (2D) GO films are integrated with silicon-on-insulator (SOI) nanowire waveguides to experimentally demonstrate an enhanced Kerr nonlinearity, observed through self-phase modulation (SPM). The GO films are integrated with SOI nanowires using a large-area, transfer-free, layer-by-layer coating method that yields precise control of the film thickness. The film placement and coating length are controlled by opening windows in the silica cladding of the SOI nanowires. Owing to the strong mode overlap between the SOI nanowires and the highly nonlinear GO films, the Kerr nonlinearity of the hybrid waveguides is significantly enhanced. Detailed SPM measurements using picosecond optical pulses show significant spectral broadening enhancement for SOI nanowires coated with 2.2-mm-long films of 1−3 layers of GO, and 0.4-mm-long films with 5−20 layers of GO. By fitting the experimental results with theory, the dependence of GO’s <i>n</i><sub>2</sub> on layer number and pulse energy is obtained, showing interesting physical insights and trends of the layered GO films from 2D monolayers to quasi bulk-like behavior. Finally, we show that by coating SOI nanowires with GO films the effective nonlinear parameter of SOI nanowires is increased 16 fold, with the effective nonlinear figure of merit (FOM) increasing by about 20 times to FOM > 5. These results reveal the strong potential of using layered GO films to improve the Kerr nonlinear optical performance of silicon photonic devices.

show abstract

“…The giant Kerr nonlinear response of two-dimensional (2D) layered materials such as graphene, graphene oxide (GO), black phosphorus, and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) has been widely recognized and exploited to implement diverse nonlinear photonic devices with high performance and new capabilities [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. In particular, a 6.8-dB enhancement in the FWM CE was reported for a silicon MRR incorporating a monolayer of doped graphene [31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced optical four-wave-mixing in integrated ring resonators with graphene oxide films

Moss¹,

Wu²,

Xu³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Layered two-dimensional (2D) graphene oxide (GO) films are integrated with micro-ring resonators (MRRs) to experimentally demonstrate enhanced nonlinear optics in the form of four-wave mixing (FWM). Both uniformly coated and patterned GO films are integrated on CMOS-compatible doped silica MRRs using a large-area, transfer-free, layer-by-layer GO coating method together with photolithography and lift-off processes, yielding precise control of the film thickness, placement, and coating length. The high Kerr nonlinearity and low loss of the GO films combined with the strong light-matter interaction within the MRRs results in a significant improvement in the FWM efficiency in the hybrid MRRs. Detailed FWM measurements are performed at different pump powers and resonant wavelengths for the uniformly coated MRRs with 1−5 layers of GO as well as the patterned devices with 10−50 layers of GO. The experimental results show good agreement with theory, achieving up to ~7.6-dB enhancement in the FWM conversion efficiency (CE) for an MRR uniformly coated with 1 layer of GO and ~10.3-dB for a patterned device with 50 layers of GO. By fitting the measured CE as a function of pump power for devices with different numbers of GO layers, we also extract the dependence of GO’s third-order nonlinearity on layer number and pump power, revealing interesting physical insights about the evolution of the layered GO films from 2D monolayers to quasi bulk-like behavior. These results confirm the high nonlinear optical performance of integrated photonic resonators incorporated with 2D layered GO films.

show abstract

Enhanced optical Kerr nonlinearity of graphene/Si hybrid waveguide

Cited by 86 publications

References 57 publications

2D Layered Graphene Oxide Films Integrated with Micro‐Ring Resonators for Enhanced Nonlinear Optics

2D Layered Graphene Oxide Films Integrated with Micro‐Ring Resonators for Enhanced Nonlinear Optics

Transforming silicon into a high performing in tegrated nonlinear photonics platform by integrati on with 2D graphene oxide films

Enhanced optical four-wave-mixing in integrated ring resonators with graphene oxide films

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About