Electronic transport performance and light absorption ability are the key factors affecting the photocatalytic activity. Herein, by regulating the reaction conditions, Bi 0 /BiOI(001)/CdS and Bi 0 /BiOI(010)( + )/CdS( − ) were designed, and the latter showed a higher hydrogen evolution rate of 36 mmol h −1 g −1 . The electrostatic force between the oppositely charged BiOI(010)( + ) and CdS( − ) favored the formation of a p−n heterojunction. The built-in electric field in BiOI( 001) is perpendicular to the (001) facet, while it is parallel to the (010) facet in BiOI(010), thus forming an optimized electronic transmission pathway. UV−vis absorption showed that Bi 0 (010) and BiOI(010) have higher visible light absorbability. The Maxwell simulation showed that the surface plasmon resonance peaks of Bi 0 (001) and Bi 0 (010) are located at 314 and 508 nm, respectively. Therefore, both the electronic transport performance and the visible light absorbability of Bi 0 /BiOI(010)( + )/CdS( − ) have been optimized.