Enhanced Solubility and Reflection of Hydrotropy Technique in the Segregation of of m/p-Aminonitrobenze

Abstract

Abstract:The aqueous solubilities of m/p -amino nitrobenzene in different concentrations (0-3.0 mol/L) of hydrotropes such as sodium benzoate, sodium saccharin, dimethyl benzamide at different system temperatures (303 K to 333 K) were studied. The percentage extraction (%E) of m-amino nitrobenzene from m/p -amino nitrobenzene mixture increases with an increase in hydrotrope concentration. A minimum hydrotrope concentration (MHC) in the aqueous phase was required to initiate the significance of the %E of m-amino nitrobenzene. Percentage extraction (%E) is the ratio of moles of m -amino nitrobenzene extracted in presence and absence of a hydrotrope. The sensitivity and feasibility of the proposed process are examined by carrying out solubilization and equilibrium precipitation experiments with the mixtures of various compositions. The effectiveness of hydrotropes was measured in terms of Setschenow constant Ks and reported for all hydrotropes used in this study and determination of aggregation behavior of all hydrotropes were also studied.

Concentrated Aqueous Sodium Tosylate as Green Medium for Alkene Oxidation and Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions

“…The hydrotrope concentration effect on the reaction rate remains a topic of debate. , There were several reports on the maximum hydrotrope concentration above which no increase in the reaction rate was observed. ,, To address this point, the oxidation of 3 was performed at different concentrations of NaOTs and the reaction was stopped after 15 min (Table ). Under typical conditions, the yield of 4 increased monotonously with the increase of concentration of NaOTs even above the estimated maximum hydrotrope concentration ( C max ≈ 2–2.2 M) determined for this salt . The higher yields correlated well with the solubility of 3 in water, which also increased with the increased concentration of NaOTs (Table ).…”