Enhanced sonochemical degradation of tetracycline by sulfate radicals

Abstract

Tetracyclines (TCs) are widely used antibiotics in human and veterinary medicine and as growth promoters in the world. Sulfate radical-based advanced oxidation processes have been of great interest due to the high oxidizing potential of sulfate radical to degrade refractory organic pollutants in aqueous solution. In this study, the degradation of antibiotic TC in aqueous solution by silver-activated persulfate (Na2S2O8) in the presence of ultrasound irradiation under various conditions has been investigated. The effects of several parameters such as Ag2SO4, Na2S2O8 concentration, temperature, ultrasonic (US) power, initial TC concentration and initial pH on the degradation of TC were investigated. More than 83% of TC removal was achieved within 120 min under optimal conditions. The optimum operational conditions were found to be as follows: Ag2SO4 dosage 3.5 mmol/L, Na2S2O8 concentration 70 mmol/L, reaction temperature 25 °C, US power 120 W, initial TC concentration 50 mg/L, pH 3.0 and contact time 120 min. The degradation of TC in the persulfate/Ag(+)/US process followed the pseudo-first-order kinetics.

Tetracycline degradation by persulfate activated with novel magnetic composite ferrocene/chitosan@Fe3O4

“…Obviously, the degradation efficiency of TC was weakened when the pH value was increased from 5 to 11. This is because SO 4 −• is easily converted to HO • under alkaline conditions, and its oxidation potential is lower than that of SO 4 −• 34 . HO • would further react with OH − to produce H 2 O; on the other hand, HO • itself can also produce scavenging reactions, which may all limit the degradation of TC 32,35 .…”

Removal of blue cat 41 dye from aqueous solutions with ZnO nanoparticles in combination with US and US-H2O2 advanced oxidation processes

“…Study results showed that US, US-H 2 O 2 , and ZnO-H 2 O 2 -US follow pseudo first order kinetics. The pseudo first order reaction had the highest coefficient of determination among the studied processes (35). As illustrated in Table 1, the K1 constant increased in US, US- With an increase in the K1 constant, the degradation rate of blue cat 41 also increased (36).…”

Introductory text to sonochemistry

“…The oxidative radicals generated during acoustic cavitation could be used to oxidise organic pollutants in an aqueous environment [31][32][33][34]. Taking benzoic acid as a simple organic pollutant, its sonochemical degradation is shown in Figure 6.…”