“…In addition to revealing intriguing properties of electron transport at the nanoscale, the intense and highly coherent electron beams extracted from such nanotips have found useful applications in projection electron holography. 6 More recently, a number of field-emission studies of 2D (quantum film), 1D (quantum wire), 7,8 and 0D (quantum dot) 9 semiconductor systems have also demonstrated clear deviations from Fowler-Nordheim behavior. In particular, discrete current peaks, an anomalously low threshold field for electron emission and regions of negative differential conductance have all been observed in the current-voltage (I-V) field-emission characteristics.…”