Enhancement of Protein and Pigment Content in Two Chlorella Species Cultivated on Industrial Process Water

Safafar, Hamed; Nørregaard, Patrick Uldall; Ljubić, Anita; Møller, Per; Holdt, Susan Løvstad; Jacobsen, Charlotte

doi:10.3390/jmse4040084

Cited by 86 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The presence of essential amino acids (ESA) such as arginine, phenylalanine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, threonine, and valine was found in the profile of C. vulgaris and fusant, except. This result is almost the same with study by Samek et al [34] which is found seven essential amino acid on Chlorella, while Safafar et al [35] found all the amino acid. This research was not found tryptophan in the amino acid profile on both experimented microalgae.…”

Section: Protein Content Of C Vulgaris and Fusantsupporting

confidence: 82%

Improvement of Nutrition Production by Protoplast Fusion Techniques in Chlorella vulgaris

Kusumaningrum¹,

Zainuri²

2017

J Food Process Technol

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Recent decades showing remarkable development of the biotechnology of microalgae. Valuable product for food, nutrition and other applications will extend into broader area. Natural nutrition production from microalgae are not yet competitive with their synthetic levels. Chlorella is widely used as a health food and feed supplement, as well as in the pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries. Protoplast fusion was found to be an efficient method in improving its nutrition production and diversification in Chlorella vulgaris. The research was carried out by application of protoplast fusion on interspecific microalgae of C. vulgaris. The fusant was subjected for analysis of nutrition content by GCMS methods on C. vulgaris powder from 100 L liquid cultivation of fusant. The research result gained fusant in high mass production level. Nutrition analysis of fusants showed 17 amino acid with high concentration glutamic acid (14495.52 ppm) followed by leucine (10856.97 ppm) and Aspartic acid (10378 ppm). Palmitic acid (1.59%) was showed highest concentration in its lipid acid profile. Lipid analysis also showed polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) with concentration 1.0987% and DHA 0.2%. Surprisingly, the fusant also revealed Omega 9 instead of Omega 3 and Omega 6. The research result showed potential acquisition of improvement nutrition by protoplast fusian application on microalgae. Improvement of Nutrition Production by Protoplast Fusion Techniques in Chlorella vulgaris Kusumaningrum Materials and Methods Chlorella vulgaris cultivationThe C. vulgaris was the microalgae originally from Brackish Water Aquaculture Development Centre (BBPBAP) on Jepara, Indonesia. They were grown in seawater tanks with the room temperature, recirculated and aerated in salinity at 25% to 30%. The microalgae were cultivated using sea water enriched with Walne media. Microalgae mediaWalne media for microalgae growth and cultivation consists of

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Section: Protein Content Of C Vulgaris and Fusantsupporting

confidence: 82%

Improvement of Nutrition Production by Protoplast Fusion Techniques in Chlorella vulgaris

Kusumaningrum¹,

Zainuri²

2017

J Food Process Technol

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“…Of all the carotenoids, lutein is the most abundant carotenoid in Chlorella cells (Safafar et al . ), with tendencies of accumulating up to 0.45% of dry weight cell (Borowitzka ). In some instances, lutein might account for about 0.2–0.5% of C. vulgaris biomass.…”

Section: Pigments and Their Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chlorella vulgaris produces a high concentration of chlorophylls and carotenoids (Safafar et al 2016). The concentration of chlorophyll-a in Chlorella samples ranges from 2.5 to 17.5 mg g À1 dry weight (G€ ors et al 2009).…”

Section: Chlorophyll-a and Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has high antioxidant properties and is the second most abundant carotenoid commonly found in the thylakoid membrane in the form of light-harvesting complexes in algae and plants with dark green leaf (Cai et al 2015). Of all the carotenoids, lutein is the most abundant carotenoid in Chlorella cells (Safafar et al 2016), with tendencies of accumulating up to 0.45% of dry weight cell (Borowitzka 2013). In some instances, lutein might account for about 0.2-0.5% of C. vulgaris biomass.…”

Section: Luteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Applications of microalga Chlorella vulgaris in aquaculture

Ahmad

Shariff

Yusoff

et al. 2018

Reviews in Aquaculture

176

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Microalgae biomass is used in aquaculture as feed, growth enhancers and immunostimulants. Chlorella vulgaris is an important species with a good biomolecular composition. Commercially, it is one of the most commonly used microalga in aquaculture. Several studies confirmed its ability to improve nutrition, immunity, aquatic bioremediation, amelioration of stress, disease resistance of fish and inhibits bacterial quorum sensing when used appropriately. Despite claims of its benefits, C. vulgaris is reported to have unfavourable effects when incorporated in diets at higher inclusion levels. In addition, its rigid cell wall might restrict the access of digestive enzymes to the intracellular components for proper digestion and assimilation. Thus, this review discusses the role of C. vulgaris and its importance in aquaculture with emphasis on its environmental requirements, morphology, pigments, digestibility, dynamics on growth performance, antibacterial activity, bacterial quorum sensing, immunomodulatory effect, anti‐stress effect, gut microbiome, aquatic bioremediation and its safety as food or feed.

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“…The protein content in the microalgal samples was determined by using a modified Micro-Biuret method described by Safafar et al [30].…”

Section: Protein Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Aspects and Biochemical Composition of Synechococcus sp. MK568070 Cultured in Oil Refinery Wastewater

Blažina

Haberle

Hrustić

et al. 2019

JMSE

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The aim of the study was to explore the possibility of bioremediation of oil refinery wastewaters by the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. MK568070, isolated from the Adriatic Sea. The potential of biomass and lipid production was explored upon cultivation on oil refinery wastewater with excess CO2 after the removal of nutrients. The strain grew well in a wide range of salinities and ammonium concentrations, and was further tested on the wastewater from local oil refinery plant of various N-composition. Growth experiment under optimized conditions was used to analyze the lipid, carbohydrate and protein dynamics. The biomass yield was highly dependent on nutrient source and concentration, salinity and CO2 addition. Highest biomass yield was 767 mg/L of dry weight. Towards the end of the experiment the decline in carbohydrate to 18.9% is visible, whereas at the same point lipids, in particular saturated fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), started to accumulate within the cells. The content of lipids at the end of the experiment was 21.4%, with the unsaturation index 0.45 providing good biofuel feedstock characteristics. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis demonstrated a high degree of lipid accumulation in respect to proteins, along with the structural changes and biomass accumulation. In addition, the N-removal from the wastewater was >99% efficient. The potential of lipid accumulation, due to the functional photosynthesis even at the minimal cell quota of nutrients, is critical for the usage of excess industrial CO2 and its industrial transformation to biodiesel. These findings enable further considerations of Synechococcus sp. (MK568070) for the industrial scale biomass production and wastewater remediation.

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Enhancement of Protein and Pigment Content in Two Chlorella Species Cultivated on Industrial Process Water

Cited by 86 publications

References 31 publications

Improvement of Nutrition Production by Protoplast Fusion Techniques in Chlorella vulgaris

Improvement of Nutrition Production by Protoplast Fusion Techniques in Chlorella vulgaris

Applications of microalga Chlorella vulgaris in aquaculture

Growth Aspects and Biochemical Composition of Synechococcus sp. MK568070 Cultured in Oil Refinery Wastewater

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