Enhancement of radiation response on human carcinoma cells in culture by pentoxifylline

Kim, Sang Hie; Khil, Mark S.; Ryu, Samuel; Kim, Jae Ho

doi:10.1016/0360-3016(93)90145-l

Cited by 32 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Several nutritional cancer chemopreventive compounds having antioxidant properties have been documented to potentiate radiation therapy–induced cytotoxic effects on cancer cells while reducing its toxicity on normal surrounding tissues. 77 - 86 In this regard, multiple studies by Raffoul et al 78 have shown that phytochemical soy isoflavones (genistein, daidzein, and glycitein), which exhibit anticarcinogenic properties in part via their antioxidant activities, could be used as potent radiosensitizers to enhance the efficacy of radiotherapy-mediated suppression of the growth and metastatic ability of cancers, including prostate cancer. 78 - 80 A study comparing the effects of the soy isoflavone component genistein on prostate cancer demonstrated that both soy and genistein inhibited the growth of in vitro human PC-3 prostate cancer cells and in vivo orthotopic PC-3 tumors and that these effects were enhanced when soy or genistein was combined with radiotherapy.…”

Section: Antioxidants In Cancer Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Contributions of Antioxidants to Cancer Therapy: Immunomodulation and Radiosensitization

2017

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Antioxidants play important roles in the maintenance of cellular integrity and thus are critical in maintaining the homeostasis of the host immune system. A balance between the levels of pro-oxidants and antioxidants defines the cellular fate of genomic integrity via maintaining the redox status of the cells. An aberration in this balance modulates host immunity that affects normal cellular signaling pathways resulting in uncontrolled proliferation of cells leading to neocarcinogenesis. For decades, there have been scientific debates on the use of antioxidants for the treatment of human cancers. This review is focused on current updates on the implications of antioxidant use as adjuncts in cancer therapy with an emphasis on immunomodulation and radiosensitization.

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Section: Antioxidants In Cancer Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Contributions of Antioxidants to Cancer Therapy: Immunomodulation and Radiosensitization

2017

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“…Pentoxifylline, and other methylxanthine derivatives (e.g., caffeine and theophylline), have been reported to act on cells in G2 phase of the cell cycle to induce cells to undergo premature mitosis before completing repair of radiation-induced damage. Pentoxifylline has been shown to radiosensi- Table 1 tize several different types of tumor cells in vitro when administered after irradiation [31,32,41]. We asked whether this effect could be exploited in vivo to provide an additional radiation enhancement to complement, and improve upon, the radiation response achieved via preirradiation oxygen modification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pentoxifylline improves the oxygenation and radiation response of BA1112 rat rhabdomyosarcomas and EMT6 mouse mammary carcinomas

Collingridge¹,

Rockwell²

2000

Int. J. Cancer

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Tumor hypoxia can significantly impact the efficacy of cancer therapy. Pentoxifylline, a methylxanthine derivative, can improve oxygen delivery to tissues and is widely used in the treatment of peripheral vascular disease and various cerebrovascular disorders. In this article, we show that pentoxifylline, combined with oxygen breathing, significantly improves the radiation response of two experimental tumors in vivo through improved tumor oxygenation. We also demonstrate that pentoxifylline does not directly radiosensitize EMT6 cells in vitro and does not modify the tumor radiation response when administered postirradiation to solid EMT6 tumors. Our findings confirm that preirradiation administration of pentoxifylline can improve radiation efficacy, but suggest that its role as a postirradiation modifier of treatment response, reported by others, may be tumor-specific.

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“…Prolongation of the G2 arrest has been correlated with increased radioresistance in human [67] and transfected rodent cell lines [68]. Compounds which reduce the magnitude of the G2 delay also increase the sensitivity of these cells to ionizing radiation [69, 124,125]. It has been hypothesized that the G2 checkpoint allows for cellular repair of DNA damage prior to chromosomal segregation in mitosis; in fact, increased DNA repair has been detected during G2 [70].…”

Section: G2 Checkpointmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionizing radiation and the cell cycle: A review

Rudoltz¹,

Blank²,

Kao³

et al. 1996

Radiat. Oncol. Investig.

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SUMMARY Ionizing radiation has long been known to cause perturbations in the cell cycle. The information regarding these effects on the cell cycle, in particular alterations in cell cycle kinetics, has been used to design various treatment protocols over the years; these efforts have resulted in modest improvements in local control and patient survival. However, the past two decades have seen an eruption of scientific knowledge regarding the molecular biology of the cell cycle, specifically the regulation of cell cycle checkpoints. In this review we discuss the genetic events involved in regulating the G1, S, and G2 checkpoints. In addition, we discuss the potential impact of the recent cloning of the gene for ataxia-telangiectasia. Radiat

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Enhancement of radiation response on human carcinoma cells in culture by pentoxifylline

Cited by 32 publications

References 6 publications

Potential Contributions of Antioxidants to Cancer Therapy: Immunomodulation and Radiosensitization

Potential Contributions of Antioxidants to Cancer Therapy: Immunomodulation and Radiosensitization

Pentoxifylline improves the oxygenation and radiation response of BA1112 rat rhabdomyosarcomas and EMT6 mouse mammary carcinomas

Ionizing radiation and the cell cycle: A review

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