Enrichment of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in a contaminated soil after rehabilitation

Abstract

Spore counts, species composition and richness of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and soil glomalin contents were evaluated in a soil contaminated with Zn, Cu, Cd and Pb after rehabilitation by partial replacement of the contaminated soil with non-contaminated soil, and by Eucalyptus camaldulensis planting with and without Brachiaria decumbens sowing. These rehabilitation procedures were compared with soils from contaminated non-rehabilitated area and non-contaminated adjacent soils. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi communities attributes were assessed by direct field sampling, trap culture technique, and by glomalin contents estimate. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi was markedly favored by rehabilitation, and a total of 15 arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi morphotypes were detected in the studied area. Species from the Glomus and Acaulospora genera were the most common mycorrhizal fungi. Number of spores was increased by as much as 300-fold, and species richness almost doubled in areas rehabilitated by planting Eucalyptus in rows and sowing B. decumbens in inter-rows. Contents of heavy metals in the soil were negatively correlated with both species richness and glomalin contents. Introduction of B. decumbens together with Eucalyptus causes enrichment of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi species and a more balanced community of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spores in contaminated soil.

Clary Sage Cultivation and Mycorrhizal Inoculation Influence the Rhizosphere Fungal Community of an Aged Trace-Element Polluted Soil

“…Interestingly, 12 ASVs identified as belonging to the phylum Glomeromycota and split among four different AMF families were also detected in the TE-polluted soil before clary sage sowing. Notably, a predominance of Acaulosporaceae and Glomeraceae was found, in accordance with previously published results on TE-polluted soils, which could be explained by their better adaptation to stressful environments, such as excessive amounts of TEs [70,71].…”

Hongos formadores de micorrizas arbusculares (HFMA) como estrategia para reducir la absorción de cadmio en plantas de cacao (Theobroma cacao)

“…Las estructuras más importantes de los HFMA involucradas en la tolerancia a MP, son los arbúsculos, las vesículas y las hifas (Hildebrandt et al, 2007). Estos hongos producen una glicoproteína llamada glomalina y ha mostrado su potencial al momento de establecer enlaces con moléculas de alta toxicidad, aunque la cantidad que se produce solo puede inmovilizar < 1% del Cd total presente en la solución del suelo, sin embargo, podría constituir una barrera ef icaz para acumular este elemento (González-Chávez et al, 2004;Hildebrandt et al, 2007;Shahabivand et al, 2012;Lopes et al, 2016). Debido a que, en los HFMA se produce una gran cantidad de micelio, esto les conf iere la posibilidad de poder acumular compuestos xenobióticos y así limitar su disponibilidad para las plantas.…”

The effect of salinity gradient and heavy metal pollution on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal community structure in some Algerian wetlands

“…The dominance of Glomeraceae and Acaulosporaceae was also reported by previous studies of wetlands (Sun et al 2016). This dominance is owing to their ability to propagate via mycelial fragments, mycorrhizal root fragments and spore germination (Yang et al 2015), and adaptation to stressful conditions of soil contamination with heavy metals compared with other AMF species metals (Lopes Leal et al 2016). Septoglomus constrictum, Funneliformis mosseae and Funneliformis geosporum isolated from study sites were also isolated in Algerian saline areas (Bencherif et al 2015).…”