Enrichment of edible oil with sea buckthorn by‐products using ultrasound‐assisted extraction

Abstract

Sea buckthorn (SBT) pomace, a by-product of juice production, has been studied as a potential carotenoids source because such compounds are of great interest in the food industry. Ultrasoundassisted extraction (UAE) has been used to improve the direct enrichment of edible oils (sunflower, rape seed, olive, and soya) with SBT carotenoids. These oils do not naturally contain carotenoids. After a preliminary study, a RSM has been used to maximize total carotenoid content of extracts and the influence of process variables on the UAE has been investigated. The results provided by the statistical analysis revealed that the optimized conditions were: sonication power of 0.67 W/g oil and a temperature of 358C. The optimization parameters of this ''green'' process provide a greatly improved enrichment of the edible oil in terms of quantity and process time from 33.83 mg/L extract in 90 min obtained by conventional extraction to 51.64 mg/L extract in only 20 min by UAE. Ultrasound-assisted carotenoids extraction from SBT by-products appears to be a simple, rapid, and sustainable alternative to conventional procedures.Practical applications: Improving the value of low quality edibles is important for the food, cosmetic, or nutraceutical industry. It is done by adding ingredients such as carotenoids which are extracted by hexane or other solvents. In this study we show an innovative application of a direct extraction by maceration of by-products in edible oil without solvent and eliminating evaporation and extraction unit operations. Using ultrasound, full extractions can now be completed in minutes with high reproducibility, reducing the consumption of solvent, simplifying manipulation and work-up, giving higher purity of the final product, eliminating post-treatment of waste water, and consuming only a fraction of the fossil energy normally needed for a conventional extraction method such as Soxhlet extraction, maceration, or steam distillation.

Optimization of ultrasound and microwave assisted oil extraction from sea buckthorn seeds by response surface methodology

“…Other MAE methods were developed in the absence of a solvent and are usually used for volatile compounds extraction (Kala et al, 2016). SB pomace, seeds, and leaves were used in extraction experiments using supercritical carbon extraction, UAE, MAE, pressurized liquid and enzyme-assisted extraction for obtaining valuables bioactive compounds (Chemat, Périno-Issartier, Loucif, Elmaataoui, & Mason, 2012;Kitrytė et al, 2017;Michel, Destandau, & Elfakir, 2011;Sharma et al, 2008). Both techniques are realistic options also for industrial applications, not only for extraction of active compounds, but also for chemical synthesis and environmental protection (Leonelli & Mason, 2010;Patist & Bates, 2008;Vilkhu, Mawson, Simons, & Bates, 2008).…”

Effect of micro wet milling process on particle sizes, antioxidants, organic acids, and specific phenolic compounds of whole sea buckthorn ( Hippophae rhamnoides L.) juices

“…Recently, the number of studies involving the SBT pomace of practical application has increased (Ali et al, 2012;Chemat et al, 2012;Gong et al, 2015;Kant et al, 2012;Rösch et al, 2004;Upadhyay et al, 2009;Wang et al, 2016). These studies confirmed that the pomace or by-product of the berry contains valuable total phenolic contents and shows high antioxidant activity.…”

Bioactive compounds and ethnomedicinal uses of Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels-A comprehensive review

“…The most common method to obtain extracts from plants is solvent extraction. However, in recent years different extraction techniques were applied for the phytochemical extraction, such as ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), either separate or simultaneous (Asofiei et al, 2016;Chemat et al, 2012;Isopencu et al, 2019;Li et al, 2018). It was demonstrated that the ultrasound-assisted extraction with frequencies higher than 20 kHz has an essential role in the facilitation of the extraction of the organic compounds using different solvents (Roidaki et al, 2015).…”