Environmental and economic evaluation of cathode ray tube (CRT) funnel glass waste management options in the United States

Xu, Qingbo; Yu, Mengjing; Kendall, Alissa; He, Wenzhi; Li, Guangming; Schoenung, Julie M.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-48768-7_48

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Physical separating methods including thermal shock, melting, heating wire, and laser treatment are ways to heat the low melting point weld glass jointing funnel glass and panel glass, and then the CRT will split and be separated by cooling or pressure treatment. − The funnel glass can be delivered to a glass production facility as a feedstock to manufacture new product such as foam glass and glass matrix composites. CRT funnel glass is delivered to a lead (Pb) smelter to be incinerated as a fluxing agent or as a substitute for lead-bearing ores. , Regarding LCD monitor, indium–tin oxide (ITO) glass can be achieved while LCD monitor is simply dismantled and separated physically. Afterward, the rare metal (e.g., In) can be crushed and recovered by hydrometallurgy or smelting route. − …”

Section: Alternative Technologies and Paradigms For Recyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CRT funnel glass is delivered to a lead (Pb) smelter to be incinerated as a fluxing agent or as a substitute for lead-bearing ores. 83,84 Regarding LCD monitor, indium−tin oxide (ITO) glass can be achieved while LCD monitor is simply dismantled and separated physically. Afterward, the rare metal (e.g., In) can be crushed and recovered by hydrometallurgy or smelting route.…”

Section: ■ Alternative Technologies and Paradigms For Recyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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“Control-Alt-Delete”: Rebooting Solutions for the E-Waste Problem

Zeng

Chen

et al. 2015

Environ. Sci. Technol.

210

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A number of efforts have been launched to solve the global electronic waste (e-waste) problem. The efficiency of e-waste recycling is subject to variable national legislation, technical capacity, consumer participation, and even detoxification. E-waste management activities result in procedural irregularities and risk disparities across national boundaries. We review these variables to reveal opportunities for research and policy to reduce the risks from accumulating e-waste and ineffective recycling. Full regulation and consumer participation should be controlled and reinforced to improve local e-waste system. Aiming at standardizing best practice, we alter and identify modular recycling process and infrastructure in eco-industrial parks that will be expectantly effective in countries and regions to handle the similar e-waste stream. Toxicity can be deleted through material substitution and detoxification during the life cycle of electronics. Based on the idea of “Control-Alt-Delete”, four patterns of the way forward for global e-waste recycling are proposed to meet a variety of local situations.

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Section: Alternative Technologies and Paradigms For Recyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Alternative Technologies and Paradigms For Recyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Control-Alt-Delete”: Rebooting Solutions for the E-Waste Problem

Zeng

Chen

et al. 2015

Environ. Sci. Technol.

210

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“…Regarding CRT TVs, the current LCA mainly pays attention to CRT monitors (Parsons, 2007;Rocchetti and Beolchini, 2014), especially CRT glass (Andreola et al, 2007;Xu et al, 2013). Also, research focuses on the effects that the update from CRT to LCD monitors will have on the treatment system thereof (Noon et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Life-cycle energy use and GHG emissions of waste television treatment system in China

Song

Zhang

Yuan

et al. 2018

Resources, Conservation and Recycling

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“…To be complete, the environmental impact of the collection stage was also evaluated since previous studies have shown that the transportation impacts can be significant. 15 The LCA results were further compared to conventional primary metals production processes, highlighting the environmental benefit of metal recycling from waste PWBs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rocchetti et al applied LCA to the hydrometallurgical treatments for recycling metals from electronic wastes, and the results showed that the metal extraction steps have the highest environmental load. A study conducted by Xu et al identified that closed-loop recycling for cathode ray tube funnel glass is the best option on the condition that there is still a market for cathode ray tube glass, whereas pyrometallurgy is best without this market; hydrometallurgy is the best option if new recycling facilities can be located near waste sources to minimize transportation distance. Huisman investigated environmental consequences of two scenarios for treatment of cellular phones indicating that the direct smelter route is more eco-efficient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waste Management of Printed Wiring Boards: A Life Cycle Assessment of the Metals Recycling Chain from Liberation through Refining

Xue

Kendall

et al. 2015

Environ. Sci. Technol.

Self Cite

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Due to economic and societal reasons, informal activities including open burning, backyard recycling, and landfill are still the prevailing methods used for electronic waste treatment in developing countries. Great efforts have been made, especially in China, to promote formal approaches for electronic waste management by enacting laws, developing green recycling technologies, initiating pilot programs, etc. The formal recycling process can, however, engender environmental impact and resource consumption, although information on the environmental loads and resource consumption is currently limited. To quantitatively assess the environmental impact of the processes in a formal printed wiring board (PWB) recycling chain, life cycle assessment (LCA) was applied to a formal recycling chain that includes the steps from waste liberation through materials refining. The metal leaching in the refining stage was identified as a critical process, posing most of the environmental impact in the recycling chain. Global warming potential was the most significant environmental impact category after normalization and weighting, followed by fossil abiotic depletion potential, and marine aquatic eco-toxicity potential. Scenario modeling results showed that variations in the power source and chemical reagents consumption had the greatest influence on the environmental performance. The environmental impact from transportation used for PWB collection was also evaluated. The results were further compared to conventional primary metals production processes, highlighting the environmental benefit of metal recycling from waste PWBs. Optimizing the collection mode, increasing the precious metals recovery efficiency in the beneficiation stage and decreasing the chemical reagents consumption in the refining stage by effective materials liberation and separation are proposed as potential improvement strategies to make the recycling chain more environmentally friendly. The LCA results provide environmental information for the improvement of future integrated technologies and electronic waste management.

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Environmental and economic evaluation of cathode ray tube (CRT) funnel glass waste management options in the United States

Cited by 5 publications

References 1 publication

“Control-Alt-Delete”: Rebooting Solutions for the E-Waste Problem

“Control-Alt-Delete”: Rebooting Solutions for the E-Waste Problem

Life-cycle energy use and GHG emissions of waste television treatment system in China

Waste Management of Printed Wiring Boards: A Life Cycle Assessment of the Metals Recycling Chain from Liberation through Refining

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