Environmental Impact and Human Health Risks of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans in the Vicinity of a New Hazardous Waste Incinerator:  A Case Study

Ferré-Huguet, Núria; Nadal, Martí; Schuhmacher, Marta; Domingo, José L.

doi:10.1021/es051630+

Cited by 47 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…H07, H09 and H11 had emission levels below 0.5 ng TEQ/Nm 3 and fall into Group 2, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF was the most abundant congener (15.32%), and OCDD accounted for almost the same proportion (14.36%), which was similar to congener profiles of industry waste incinerators in previous study (Kao et al, 2006). In group 3 (H12), 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF was the most abundant congener (21.30%), the result was concordant with the research of Spanish scientists (Ferre-Huguet et al, 2006). Although there are differences in the PCDD/Fs fingerprint in Groups 1, 2 and 3, the fractions of OCDD,2,3,4,7,1,2,3,4,6,7, showed they were main congeners in three groups, respectively.…”

Section: Congener Profiles Of Pcdd/fs In Flue Gassupporting

confidence: 88%

PCDD/F Emissions from Hazardous Waste Incinerators in China

Wang

Jin

et al. 2014

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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In order to investigate the dioxin emission levels of hazardous waste incinerators (HWIs), and estimate their emission factors to the atmosphere, flue gas samples were collected from 12 HWIs in China, and analyzed for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs). Eleven HWIs are located in the south-eastern coastal areas of China, with rotary kilns being is the most widely used type of incinerator (more than 50% of the units), followed by pyrolysis kilns. Eleven incinerators had their emission levels below the current standards in China, while only four facilities exhibited emission levels below the European Union's limits. The highest concentration of PCDD/Fs, at nearly 1 ng TEQ/Nm 3 , was in the flue gas collected from an HWI with a waste burning capacity of 5 ton/d. This result was significantly higher than the values found for the other 11 incinerators, and thus was due to the poor performance of air pollution control devices and the influence of memory effects caused by PCDD/Fs emissions related to the start-up of the incinerator. In addition, the high dioxin emissions of this HWI were related to its feeding wastes, which mainly consisted of chemical industry waste residue with high a chlorine content. The emission factors of PCDD/Fs from the HWIs examined in this work were in the range of 0.27-18 µg TEQ/ton hazardous waste, with an average value of 3.74 µg TEQ/ton hazardous waste. It is estimated that 5.0 g TEQ of PCDD/Fs was released from HWIs to the atmosphere in China in 2010, which is less than that seen in 2004. The results of principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis show all the investigated HWIs can be assigned to three groups, as verified by the results of nonparametric statistics. OCDD, 2,3,4,7, 1,2,3,4,7, are the main congeners in these three groups.

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Section: Congener Profiles Of Pcdd/fs In Flue Gassupporting

confidence: 88%

PCDD/F Emissions from Hazardous Waste Incinerators in China

Wang

Jin

et al. 2014

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…Copyright: the authorsdetailed study of the initial sampling points considered in the baseline and the subsequent studies, showed that some of them had fluctuant values 11,13,16,17 , suggesting a potential significant impact of local sources. Consequently, the environmental monitoring program was changed by reducing the number of sampling sites from 40 to 30 15,18,19 .…”

Section: Published By Atlantis Pressmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1998, before the HWI started regular operations, background PCDD/F concentrations were determined in soil and vegetation samples. Since then, data have been periodically updated [11][12][13] . According to the results obtained in the first period of the program (1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003), no human health risks were associated to the normal activity of the facility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, local authorities decided to continue with the surveillance program to conduct a long-term evaluation of the potential HWI impact. Since then, concentrations of PCDD/Fs have been analyzed in soils and vegetation in subsequent years 11,14,15 . The most remarkable finding of the second survey (2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008) was the notable increase observed in PCDD/F herbage levels (2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Health Risks of Environmental Exposure to PCDD/Fs near a Hazardous Waste Incinerator in Catalonia, Spain

Mari¹,

Díaz-Ferrero²,

Schuhmacher³

et al. 2013

JRACR

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“…With increasing hazardous waste production in China, from 8.3 million tonnes in 2000 (National Bureau of Statistics of China, 2001) to 14.3 million tonnes in 2009 (National Bureau of Statistics of China, 2010), more attention should be paid to the safe disposal of HW. However, stack emissions from hazardous waste incinerators (HWIs) are a serious concern, not to mention the harmful effect on workers at the incinerator plant and vicinity residents (Aramunt et al, 2005;Ferré-Huguet et al, 2005;Mari et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PCDD/F and PCBz Emissions during Start-up and Normal Operation of a Hazardous Waste Incinerator in China

Lin

Huang

Chen

et al. 2014

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The PCDD/F emissions from incinerator start-up are a major contributor to the total amount of such emissions, as has been reported in studies of numerous municipal solid waste incinerators. However, very few studies have examined the start-up process at hazardous waste incinerators (HWIs). In this work we studied the emissions of PCDD/Fs and other pollutants, such as PCBz, at the stack during start-up and normal operations in a HWI. We found that the PCDD/F emissions during start-up were greater than during normal operations, and were comparable to the annual emissions during the normal combustion regime. The emissions of PCDD/Fs were highest during start-up when the temperature was around 500°C, reaching 59.5 ng/Nm 3 (5.49 ng I-TEQ/Nm 3 ) when no APCDs were applied. The emission values of PCDD/Fs during start-up with the application of APCDs and during normal operations were very low, which indicates the importance of APCDs when starting up a HWI, as well as before feeding waste. The chlorination degree, the ratio of PCDFs/PCDDs and the congener profiles were also discussed during start-up and normal operations, with the results suggesting different formation mechanisms of PCDD/Fs. PCBz emissions are two or three orders of magnitude higher than those of PCDD/Fs, and 1,2,4,5-TeCBz was the best correlated PCBz used as a PCDD/F indicator in real HWI flue gas.

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Environmental Impact and Human Health Risks of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans in the Vicinity of a New Hazardous Waste Incinerator: A Case Study

Cited by 47 publications

References 41 publications

PCDD/F Emissions from Hazardous Waste Incinerators in China

PCDD/F Emissions from Hazardous Waste Incinerators in China

Health Risks of Environmental Exposure to PCDD/Fs near a Hazardous Waste Incinerator in Catalonia, Spain

PCDD/F and PCBz Emissions during Start-up and Normal Operation of a Hazardous Waste Incinerator in China

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