Environmental impact of printing inks and printing process

Aydemir, Cem; Özsoy, Samed Ayhan

doi:10.24867/jged-2020-2-011

Cited by 35 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…During the printing process, many volatile organic solvents are released. Most of the components in printing inks are harmful chemicals, which pollute the environment [9]. Simple household inkjet printers contain two cartridges-one for black and the other for cyan, magenta, and yellow.…”

Section: Composition Of Tonersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and Emerging Trends in Toner Waste Recycling: A Review

Parthasarathy¹

2021

Recycling

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Toner waste is one of the major electronic waste materials posing serious environmental threat and health hazards. Globally, only about 20–30% of toner waste is recycled, while the remaining percentage is dumped in landfills. Recycling options are limited due to the desirably engineered durability of toners, ascribed to a complicated composition of chemicals, carbon black, and plastic particles, which in turn creates critical challenges in recycling. The World Health Organization has classified toner waste as class 2B carcinogen due to its potential health hazard. In this review, the existing challenges in toner waste recycling are discussed from the perspective of environmental, health, and feasibility aspects. In parallel, the challenges have been opening up alternative strategies to recycle toner wastes. Emerging trends in toner waste recycling include transformation of toner waste into value-added products, utilization as raw material for nanomaterial synthesis, generation of composite electrodes for power generation/storage devices, integration into construction materials, and development of microwave absorbing composites. Considering the enormous volume of toner waste generated globally every year, better recycling and transformation strategies are needed immediately. A circular economy could be established in the future by transforming the enormous toner waste into a resource for other applications. For an effective management of toner waste in the future, an integrated approach involving policies and legislations, infrastructure for collection and treatment, and financial planning among the stakeholders is needed in addition to technological innovations.

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Section: Composition Of Tonersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and Emerging Trends in Toner Waste Recycling: A Review

Parthasarathy¹

2021

Recycling

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“…Several aspects give UV inks advantages over conventional printing inks. The highly reduced amount of volatile organic compounds in the form of thinners in UV inks compared to thinner-based inks makes UV inks less harmful to operators and decreases materials used, thereby lowering the costs as well as the environmental impact of the manufacturing process [ 45 , 46 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pad-Printing as a Fabrication Process for Flexible and Compact Multilayer Circuits

Jaafar

Schoinas

Passeraub

2021

Sensors

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The purpose of this paper is to present a newly developed process for the fabrication of multilayer circuits based on the pad-printing technique. Even though the maturity level, in terms of accuracy, substrate type and print size of several printing industrial processes is relatively high, the fabrication complexity of multilayer printed electronics remains relatively high. Due to its versatility, the pad-printing technique allows the superposition of printed conductive and insulating layers. Compared to other printing processes, its main advantage is the ability to print on various substrates even on flexible, curved or irregular surfaces. Silver-based inks were used for the formulation of conductive layers while UV inks were employed to fulfil the functionality of the insulating layers. To demonstrate the functionality of the pad-printing results, a multilayer test pattern has been designed and printed on Kapton®. Furthermore, to demonstrate the efficacy of this approach, a multilayer circuit composed of three stacked layers has been designed and printed on various substrates including Kapton®, paper and wood. This electronic circuit controls an array of LEDs through the manipulation of a two-key capacitive touch sensor. This study, allowed us to define recommendations for the different parameters leading to high printing quality. We expect a long-term beneficial impact of this study towards a low-cost, fast, and environmental-friendly production of printed electronics.

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“…Hazardous chemicals (organic solvents) are used in the production of printing inks emitting volatile organic compounds and air pollutants during manufacture and printing. Further impacts arise from handling and waste disposal of ink cartridges [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing environmental impacts of marine biotoxin monitoring: A laboratory report

Kilcoyne

Bogan

Duffy

et al. 2022

PLOS Sustain Transform

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Laboratories globally contribute significantly to consumption of resources, greenhouse gas emissions, and generation of waste. Shellfish destined for human consumption are required to be tested for the presence of regulated marine biotoxins, that can be harmful to human health. Whilst running the national monitoring program for the detection of biotoxins in shellfish, efforts were made to increase resource efficiencies by reducing waste and energy consumption leading to reduced environmental and financial costs. Methods were verified to allow transitions to more sustainable and environmentally-friendly consumables, replacing plastics with paperboard and glass alternatives, leading to a reduction in the consumption of single-use plastics by 69%. A shift to polystyrene recycling and composting non-toxic shellfish waste led to an overall reduction in non-chemical waste of >95%. Adoption of green analytical chemistry principles to procurement and preparation of chemical solutions led to a reduction in hazardous chemical waste by ~23%. A further reduction in printing (~81%) was achieved by transitioning to digital document control. Strategies to reduce energy consumption through ‘switch off’ campaigns and improved fume hood and cold storage equipment management were also implemented. Fume hood and cold storage equipment energy consumption was reduced by 30%. The strategies implemented could be adopted by other laboratories e.g., monitoring and research laboratories dealing with pharmaceutical, biological, and environmental samples.

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Environmental impact of printing inks and printing process

Cited by 35 publications

References 0 publications

Challenges and Emerging Trends in Toner Waste Recycling: A Review

Challenges and Emerging Trends in Toner Waste Recycling: A Review

Pad-Printing as a Fabrication Process for Flexible and Compact Multilayer Circuits

Reducing environmental impacts of marine biotoxin monitoring: A laboratory report

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