Enzymatic removal of polysialic acid from neural cell adhesion molecule perturbs the migration route of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone neurons in the developing chick forebrain

Murakami, Shigeyuki; Seki, Tatsunori; Rutishauser, Urs; Arai, Yasumasa

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(20000501)420:2<171::aid-cne2>3.0.co;2-9

Cited by 47 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…During these embryonic stages, the peak of neuronal migration in the hindbrain and particular in the cerebellum has passed and terminal differentiation of neuronal populations is well under way (K. Volkmann et al, in press). These findings show that in addition to axonal pathfinding (Marx et al, 2001), polysialylation of NCAM could well play a role in regulating neuronal migration in zebrafish, such as in higher vertebrates (Murakami et al, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Polysialylated NCAM has been implicated in the control of neuronal migration during mammalian nervous system development (Murakami et al, 2000;Marx et al, 2001;Ulfig and Chan, 2004). The two polysialyltransferases STX and PST are key enzymes in the synthesis of polysialic acid on NCAM in vertebrates (Angata and Fukuda, 2003).…”

Section: Expression In the Developing Zebrafish Cnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Modulation of NCAM by means of PSA addition has been shown to be important for neuronal migration (Cremer et al, 1994;Ono et al, 1994;Murakami et al, 2000), but in zebrafish, such a function for PSA-NCAM remained elusive. We, therefore, compared the expression of NCAM, STX, and PSA in the differentiating cerebellum during stages of intense neuronal migration (note that pst is not expressed in the cerebellum during embryonic stages), when neuronal progenitors migrate from the upper rhombic lip (URL) toward and along the midbrain-hindbrain bound- expression is weakly present in the ventral telencephalon, in the diencephalon, midbrain, in the floorplate, and in the spinal cord.…”

Section: Ncam Stx and Psa Are Coexpressed In Domains Of Neuronal MImentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polysialyltransferase expression is linked to neuronal migration in the developing and adult zebrafish

Rieger

Volkmann

Köster

2007

Developmental Dynamics

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Modulation of cell-cell adhesion is crucial for regulating neuronal migration and maintenance of structural plasticity in the embryonic and mature brain. Such modulation can be obtained by the enzymatic attachment of polysialic acid (PSA) to the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) by means of the polysialyltransferases STX and PST. Thus, differential expression of STX and PST is likely to be responsible for varying functions of PSA-NCAM during neuronal differentiation, maintenance, plasticity, and regeneration. We have isolated the zebrafish homologues of STX (St8sia2) and PST (St8sia4) and demonstrate that their expression in the embryonic and adult nervous system is often confined to regions of neuronal migration. Moreover, in the adult cerebellum, the complementary expression pattern of both polysialyltransferases suggests a function in regulating cerebellar neuronal plasticity. Enzymatic removal of PSA in the embryonic cerebellum results in impaired neuronal migration, suggesting that PSA-NCAM is a key regulator of motility for cerebellar neuronal progenitors. Developmental Dynamics 237:276 -285, 2008.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Expression In the Developing Zebrafish Cnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ncam Stx and Psa Are Coexpressed In Domains Of Neuronal MImentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polysialyltransferase expression is linked to neuronal migration in the developing and adult zebrafish

Rieger

Volkmann

Köster

2007

Developmental Dynamics

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“…A large body of work has shown that polySia affects neuronal functions as varied as migration (8,9), cytokine response (9,10), and cell contactdependent differentiation (11). Provocatively, these same functions are vital components of immune function.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polysialic Acid, a Glycan with Highly Restricted Expression, Is Found on Human and Murine Leukocytes and Modulates Immune Responses

Drake¹,

Nathan²,

Stock³

et al. 2008

The Journal of Immunology

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Polysialic acid (polySia) is a large glycan with restricted expression, typically found attached to the protein scaffold neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM). PolySia is best known for its proposed role in modulating neuronal development. Its presence and potential functions outside the nervous systems are essentially unexplored. Herein we show the expression of polySia on hematopoietic progenitor cells, and demonstrate a role for this glycan in immune response using both acute inflammatory and tumor models. Specifically, we found that human NK cells modulate expression of NCAM and the degree of polymerization of its polySia glycans according to activation state. This contrasts with the mouse, where polySia and NCAM expression are restricted to multipotent hematopoietic progenitors and cells developing along a myeloid lineage. Sialyltransferase 8Sia IV−/− mice, which lacked polySia expression in the immune compartment, demonstrated an increased contact hypersensitivity response and decreased control of tumor growth as compared with wild-type animals. This is the first demonstration of polySia expression and regulation on myeloid cells, and the results in animal models suggest a role for polySia in immune regulation.

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“…Once GnRH neurons enter the forebrain, most of them migrate tangentially along a subset of olfactory fibers that take a caudal trajectory (Norgren and Brakenbury, 1993;Murakami and Arai, 1994b;Wray et al, 1994;Yoshida et al, 1995), suggesting a type of axophilic migration. Alternatively, it has been shown that GnRH neurons dissociate from these fibers in the basal forebrain or the septum region in a later phase of migration (Bless et al, 2000;Murakami et al, 2000). This raises the possibility that these neurons undergo a change in their mode of migration within the brain, but little is known about the actual pathway and substrates for their migration.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Netrin 1 provides a chemoattractive cue for the ventral migration of GnRH neurons in the chick forebrain

Murakami

Ohki‐Hamazaki

Watanabe

et al. 2010

J of Comparative Neurology

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Hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons originate in the olfactory placode and migrate to the forebrain during embryonic development. We found that GnRH neurons migrated in two different modes in the chick medial telencephalon: they initially underwent axophilic migration in association with a subset of olfactory fibers in a dorsocaudal direction. This was followed by ventrally directed tangential migration to the basal forebrain. Since many of the ventrally migrating GnRH neurons did not follow distinct fiber fascicles, it is proposed that diffusible guidance molecules played a role in this migratory process. A long-range diffusible factor, netrin 1, was expressed in the lower part of the commissural plate and the subpallial septum, but not along the axophilic migratory route of GnRH neurons. Failure of ventrally directed migration of GnRH neurons and their misrouting to the dorsomedial forebrain was induced by misexpression of netrin 1 in the dorsocaudal part of the septum near the top of the commissural plate, which is where the migration of GnRH neurons changed to a ventral direction. In such cases, a subset of olfactory fibers also extended, but close contact between aberrant fibers and misrouted GnRH neurons did not exist. A coculture experiment demonstrated that netrin 1 exerts an attractive effect on migrating GnRH neurons. These results provide evidence that netrin 1 acts as chemoattractant to migrating GnRH neurons at the dorsocaudal part of the septum and has the potential to regulate the ventral migration of GnRH neurons to the ventral septum and the preoptic area.

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Enzymatic removal of polysialic acid from neural cell adhesion molecule perturbs the migration route of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone neurons in the developing chick forebrain

Cited by 47 publications

References 30 publications

Polysialyltransferase expression is linked to neuronal migration in the developing and adult zebrafish

Polysialyltransferase expression is linked to neuronal migration in the developing and adult zebrafish

Polysialic Acid, a Glycan with Highly Restricted Expression, Is Found on Human and Murine Leukocytes and Modulates Immune Responses

Netrin 1 provides a chemoattractive cue for the ventral migration of GnRH neurons in the chick forebrain

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