Enzyme-assisted extraction of astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis and its stability and antioxidant activity

Abstract

The release of bioactive pigments could be potentially improved by enzyme degradation of plant cell wall polysaccharides. In this study, the objective was to evaluate enzyme type (cellulase and pectinase), pH values, hydrolysis temperature and time on the release of astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis (H. pluvialis). The results showed that pre-treated H. pluvialis with enzymes could improve the separation yield of astaxanthin. Pectinase release rate of astaxanthin from H. pluvialis was significantly higher than cellulase (p \ 0.05), and enzyme hydrolysis time was also shorter. The stability study of astaxanthin oleoresin and microcapsule during storage at different temperature, oxygen and illumination was found that the degradation rate of astaxanthin rose with increasing temperature and illumination time, and the retention in oxygen environment decreased. The stability of astaxanthin microcapsules was better than astaxanthin oleoresin.

Enzyme assisted extraction of pectin and inulin enriched fractions isolated from microwave treated Cynara cardunculus tissues

“…Fractions SM4 and BM3 showed the greatest positive variations with respect to the fractions obtained by means of the citrate buffer (BM1 and SM1). These variations could be attributed to the cell wall degrading enzymes which not only facilitated the release of carbohydrates but also pigments (Zhao et al ., 2019).…”

“…Fractions SM4 and BM3 showed the greatest positive variations with respect to the fractions obtained by means of the citrate buffer (BM1 and SM1). These variations could be attributed to the cell wall degrading enzymes which not only facilitated the release of carbohydrates but also pigments (Zhao et al, 2019). Table S3 shows the number average molecular mass (Mn), weight average molecular mass (Mw), the polydispersity index (Mw/Mn) and retention time of each isolated fraction.…”

Astaxanthin and other Nutrients from Haematococcus pluvialis—Multifunctional Applications

“…A promising technique is enzyme-assisted extraction, where optimal experimental conditions (pH, temperature and time) and properly selected enzymes (mainly pectinase, cellulase) and their doses allow for efficient astaxanthin release from Haematococcus pluvialis . In the case of cellulase used in a 3% concentration, the extraction yield was about 60% (pH 5, 3 h, 65 °C) [ 64 ]. It shows that innovative extraction techniques provide a high extraction yield of this pigment.…”

Recent Advances in Astaxanthin Micro/Nanoencapsulation to Improve Its Stability and Functionality as a Food Ingredient

“…Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction has also been used to obtain astaxanthin [ 40 , 41 ]. The use of high pressure to improve the efficacy of the solvent during the extraction of astaxanthin has also been proposed [ 42 ], as well as ultrasound [ 43 ], microwave [ 44 ], magnetic-field-assisted extraction [ 45 ], pulsed electric field [ 46 ], microbial fermentation [ 14 ], and the use of enzymes [ 47 ].…”