Epidemiologic Study of Workers Exposed to Titanium Dioxide

Chen, Jean L.; Fayerweather, William E.

doi:10.1097/00043764-198812000-00011

Cited by 126 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Five mice (two male and three female) died with high doses of TiO 2 (T5 and T6 groups) a week after treatment. Epidemiology research reported that TiO 2 had low toxicity and showed no carcinogenic effect and/or nonmalignant respiratory disease for human (Boffetta et al, 2004;Chen and Fayerweather, 1988). Olmedo et al (2005) studied the effect of TiO 2 on the oxidative metabolism of alveolar macrophages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo acute toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles to mice after intraperitioneal injection

Chen

Dong

Zhao

et al. 2009

J of Applied Toxicology

342

222

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Because of its excellent optical performance and electrical properties, TiO 2 has a wide range of applications in many fields. It is often considered to be physiologically inert to humans. However, some recent studies have reported that nano-sized TiO 2 may generate potential harm to the environment and humans. In this paper the in vivo acute toxicity of nano-sized TiO 2 particles to adult mice was investigated. Mice were injected with different dosages of nano-sized TiO 2 (0, 324, 648, 972, 1296, 1944 or 2592 mg kg -1 ). The effects of particles on serum biochemical levels were evaluated at various time points (24 h, 48 h, 7 days and 14 days). Tissues (spleen, heart, lung, kidney and liver) were collected for titanium content analysis and histopathological examination. Treated mice showed signs of acute toxicity such as passive behavior, loss of appetite, tremor and lethargy. Slightly elevated levels of the enzymes alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were found from the biochemical tests of serum whereas blood urea nitrogen was not significantly affected (P < 0.05). The accumulation of TiO 2 was highest in spleen (P < 0.05). TiO 2 was also deposited in liver, kidney and lung. Histopathological examinations showed that some TiO 2 particles had entered the spleen and caused the lesion of spleen. Thrombosis was found in the pulmonary vascular system, which could be induced by the blocking of blood vessels with TiO 2 particles. Moreover, hepatocellular necrosis and apoptosis, hepatic fibrosis, renal glomerulus swelling and interstitial pneumonia associated with alveolar septal thickening were also observed in high-dose groups.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo acute toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles to mice after intraperitioneal injection

Chen

Dong

Zhao

et al. 2009

J of Applied Toxicology

342

222

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The particle diameters of the TiO 2 samples were estimated, assuming all the particles had the same spherical shape and size. The diameter D was calculated as: D=6/ S ρ, where S was the specific surface area measured by the BET method and ρ the density of the sample (g/cm 3 ), which was assumed to be 3.9 (anatase and amorphous) or 4.2 (rutile particles).…”

Section: Specific Surface Area and Zeta Potentials Of The Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of its many applications, TiO 2 accounts for 70% of the total production volume of pigments, and worldwide production in 2004 was 4.4 million tons 1) . Two cohort studies undertaken in the USA 3,4) and a population-based case-control study in Canada 5) revealed no increase in the risks of lung cancer associated with exposure to TiO 2 . Nevertheless, a large cohort study in six European countries indicated a statistically significant increase in the occurrence of lung cancer among workers in the TiO 2 production industry 6) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

Binding of Human Serum Proteins to Titanium Dioxide Particles In Vitro

Zaqout

Sumizawa

Ichikawa

et al. 2011

Journal of Occupational Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Binding of Human Serum Proteins toTitanium Dioxide Particles In Vitro: Mazen S.K. Zaqout, et al. Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan-Objectives: To determine the capacity of human serum proteins to bind to titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) particles of different polymorphs and sizes. Methods: TiO 2 particles were mixed with diluted human serum, purified human serum albumin (HSA) or purified human serum gamma-globulin (HGG) solutions. After incubation at 37°C for 1 h, the particles were sedimented by centrifugation, and proteins in the supernatant, as well as those bound to the particles, were analyzed. Results: The total protein concentration in the supernatant was lowered by TiO 2 , whereas the albumin/globulin ratio was elevated by the particles. Incubation with TiO 2 also lowered the immunoglobulin, pre-albumin, beta2-microglobulin, ceruloplasmin and retinol-binding protein levels, but not ferritin levels, in the supernatant. After sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), proteins in the supernatant, especially HGG, were observed to decrease, while those released from the particles (after adding 1% SDS and heating) increased, depending on the dose of TiO 2 . Purified HGG and HSA were also bound to TiO 2 , although the former appeared to have a higher affinity. All the proteins tested showed the highest binding potency to the amorphous particles (<50 nm) and the lowest to the rutile particles (<5,000 nm), while binding to anatase particles was intermediate. The affinity to the larger anatase was higher than that to smaller anatase particles in most cases. Conclusions: Human serum proteins, including the two major components, HSA and HGG, are bound by TiO 2 particles. The polymorph of the particles seems to be important for determining the binding capacity of the particles and it may affect distribution of the particles in the body. (J Occup Health 2011; 53: 75-83)

show abstract

“…Although limited epidemiological studies in U.S. and European TNP production factories showed no significant respiratory carcinogenic risks [11][12][13][14]. TNP toxicity has been observed in diverse models, such as rodents [15][16][17][18], aquatic organisms [19][20][21], and human cells [22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%