Epidemiological study on Mycoplasma synoviae infection in layers

Dufour-Gesbert, Fabienne; Dheilly, Alexandra; Marois, C.; Kempf, Isabelle

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2005.10.040

Cited by 47 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…During the past decade, a limited number of studies relating to the in vitro susceptibility of M. synoviae field strains have been published (8,(15)(16)(17)(18), and in one case, two M. synoviae isolates resistant to En were identified (8). In contrast, the results of this study reveal a high percentage (50%) of M. synoviae field isolates resistant to En.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Molecular Characterization of Acquired Enrofloxacin Resistance in Mycoplasma synoviae Field Isolates

Lysnyansky¹,

Gerchman²,

Mikula³

et al. 2013

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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The in vitro activity of enrofloxacin against 73 Mycoplasma synoviae field strains isolated in Israel and Europe was determined by broth microdilution. Decreased susceptibility to enrofloxacin was identified in 59% of strains, with the MICs ranging from 1 to >16 g/ml. The estimated MIC 50 and MIC 90 values for enrofloxacin were 2 and 8 g/ml, respectively. Moreover, this study showed that 92% of recent Israeli field isolates (2009 to 2011) of M. synoviae have MICs of >2 g/ml to enrofloxacin. Comparison of the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) in M. synoviae isolates revealed a clear correlation between the presence of one of the amino acid substitutions Asp79-Asn, Thr80-Ala/Ile, Ser81-Pro, and Asp84-Asn/Tyr/His of the ParC QRDR and decreased susceptibility to enrofloxacin (MIC, >1 g/ml). Amino acid substitutions at positions GyrA 87, GyrB 401/402, and ParE 420/454 were also identified, but there was no clear-cut correlation with susceptibility to enrofloxacin. Comparison of vlhA molecular profiles revealed the presence of 9 different genotypes in the Israeli M. synoviae field isolates and 10 genotypes in the European isolates; only one vlhA genotype (type 4) was identified in both cohorts. Based on results of vlhA molecular typing, several mechanisms for emergence and dissemination of Israeli enrofloxacin-resistant M. synoviae isolates are suggested. Mycoplasma synoviae is an economically important pathogen of poultry, causing respiratory disease and infectious synovitis in chickens and turkeys (1). The severity of clinical manifestations of M. synoviae infection ranges from inapparent to severe and is markedly exacerbated by the presence of other bacterial or viral pathogens. In addition, eggshell apex abnormality (EAA) has been recently described as a novel presentation of M. synoviae infection (2, 3).Antibiotic treatment at the beginning of a disease outbreak is sometimes employed to reduce economic losses caused by clinical outbreaks of M. synoviae. Enrofloxacin (En), a broad-spectrum antibiotic related to the class of fluoroquinolones, has been widely used in many countries for treatment of a variety of poultry diseases, mainly those associated with Escherichia coli and Pasteurella multocida but also avian mycoplasmosis (4). However, in some countries the use of En in poultry is not permitted, mainly due to human health concerns; in the United States, En has been banned for use in poultry since 2005.Fluoroquinolones act by inhibition of DNA replication through the formation of a ternary complex with DNA and the active site of DNA replication enzymes (5). Fluoroquinolone resistance occurs primarily through mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) of the parC and/or gyrA gene (encoding the A subunits of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV) or the gyrB and/or parE gene (encoding the B subunits of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV). Topoisomerase IV (parC gene) has been suggested to be the primary target of En in M. synoviae, based on in vivo selection of strains with decreased ...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

“…On the other hand, the appearance of new vlhA genotype 12 in 6/12 (50%) recent En-resistant isolates suggests the development and clonal dissemination of this genotype. However, the presence of resistant strains with other vlhA genotypes (11,13,15) points to an ongoing selection process.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characterization of Acquired Enrofloxacin Resistance in Mycoplasma synoviae Field Isolates

Lysnyansky¹,

Gerchman²,

Mikula³

et al. 2013

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…Several molecular techniques for typing M. synoviae isolates, amongst others pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (Morrow et al, 1990b;Ley & Avakian, 1992;Marois et al, 2001;Dufour-Gesbert et al, 2006;Harada et al, 2009) and random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis (Geary et al, 1994;Marois et al, 2001;Feberwee et al, 2005;DufourGesbert et al, 2006), have been described. However, the discriminatory power of these genomic methods in differentiation of field isolates is relatively low, as a considerable homology between unrelated isolates was sometimes observed (Dufour-Gesbert et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the discriminatory power of these genomic methods in differentiation of field isolates is relatively low, as a considerable homology between unrelated isolates was sometimes observed (Dufour-Gesbert et al, 2006). Dufour-Gesbert and coworkers (2006) demonstrated in their study that all but two isolates (97/99) from 31 infected layer flocks shared the same pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and random amplified polymorphic DNA profiles, making these techniques unsuitable to precisely point out the source of infection, but rather suggest the large-scale horizontal transmission of supposedly one clone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variable lipoprotein haemagglutinin (vlhA) gene sequence typing of mainly DutchMycoplasma synoviaeisolates: comparison withvlhAsequences from Genbank and with amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis

2014

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“…Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay was first described in 1990 as a means of genotyping microorganisms [9] and has been employed for the molecular typing of M. synoviae isolates [10,11] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ticari Yumurtacı Tavuklarda Mycoplasma synoviae Enfeksiyonunun Moleküler Epidemiyolojisi

Aras¹,

Sayın²

2014

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

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SummaryMycoplasma synoviae (M. synoviae) infection is a cause of great economic loss in commercial egg layer hens. The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of M. synoviae and to compare the characteristics of M. synoviae infected and free flocks of commercial layers. A total of 400 tracheal swabs and 400 blood serum samples were collected from 20 different layer flocks. Random Amplified Polymorfic DNA (RAPD) analysis was used for the molecular typing of M. synoviae isolates to determine the source of infection. M. synoviae was isolated from 89 tracheal swabs collected from 5 out of 20 flocks. The genetic similarity between field strains ranged from 53% to 100% as determined by RAPD analysis. All M. synoviae strains separated into 2 main-clusters in UPGMA dendogram. These results revealed that the 5 infected flocks were contaminated from 2 different sources. The egg production of positive flocks was statistically lower (P<0.05) than that of the pathogen free flocks. Infection was more frequent in multi-age farms and on sites with several houses. The mortality of infected flocks was higher than uninfected flocks, but this difference was not statistically significant. The mean weight of eggs and the average live weight of hens were similar in free and infected flocks. In conclusion, M. synoviae infection significantly decreased egg production in layer hens and was more frequent in multiage farms. Keywords: Mycoplasma synoviae, Layer, Epidemiology, RAPD Ticari Yumurtacı Tavuklarda Mycoplasma synoviae Enfeksiyonunun Moleküler Epidemiyolojisi ÖzetMycoplasma synoviae (M. synoviae) yumurtacı tavuk sektöründe büyük ekonomik kayıplara neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, ticari yumurtacı tavuk kümeslerinde M. synoviae'nın prevalansını araştırmak ve enfekte ve sağlıklı kümeslerin özelliklerini karşılaştırmak amaçlanmıştır. Toplam 400 trakeal sıvap ve 400 kan serum örneği 20 farklı kümesten toplandı. Enfeksiyonun kaynağını belirlemek için M. synoviae suşlarının moleküler tiplendirmesi Random Amplified Polymorfic DNA (RAPD) analizi ile yapıldı. Trakeal sıvap örneklerinin 89'undan M. synoviae izole edildi ve bu pozitif sıvap örnekleri 5 farklı kümesten toplanmıştı. Sahadan izole edilen suşlar arasındaki genetik benzerlik oranları RAPD analizi ile %53 ile %100 arasında bulundu. UPGMA dendogramında izolatlar 2 ayrı ana kümede yer aldılar ve bu sonuç gösterdi ki 5 farklı enfekte kümes 2 ayrı kaynaktan kontamine olmuştur. Enfekte kümeslerin yumurta verimi sağlıklı kümeslerden daha düşük (istatistiki olarak anlamlı) olarak bulundu. Enfeksiyon, farklı yaşlardaki tavuk kümeslerinin aynı bahçede olduğu çiftliklerde daha sık tespit edildi. Enfekte kümeslerin mortalite oranları sağlıklı kümeslere oranla daha yüksek (istatistiki olarak anlamsız) bulundu. Ortalama yumurta ağırlığı ve tavukların canlı ağırlığı ise enfekte ve sağlıklı sürülerde benzerdi. Sonuç olarak, M. synoviae enfeksiyonu yumurtacı tavuklarda yumurta verimini azaltmakta ve farklı yaşlardaki tavuk kümeslerinin aynı bahçede olduğu çiftliklerde daha sık görülme...

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Epidemiological study on Mycoplasma synoviae infection in layers

Cited by 47 publications

References 23 publications

Molecular Characterization of Acquired Enrofloxacin Resistance in Mycoplasma synoviae Field Isolates

Molecular Characterization of Acquired Enrofloxacin Resistance in Mycoplasma synoviae Field Isolates

Variable lipoprotein haemagglutinin (vlhA) gene sequence typing of mainly DutchMycoplasma synoviaeisolates: comparison withvlhAsequences from Genbank and with amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis

Ticari Yumurtacı Tavuklarda Mycoplasma synoviae Enfeksiyonunun Moleküler Epidemiyolojisi

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