Epidemiology and control of potato virus Y in Kenya

Onditi, John

doi:10.18174/515366

Cited by 2 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 81 publications

(237 reference statements)

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“…Kenyan farmers were found to grow mainly two cultivars (Shangi 60.2% and Kombere 15.5%) while the rest of the cultivars were grown only in few farms. It is therefore difficult to draw conclusions about possible levels of resistances in the cultivars which were underrepresented; and (3) The results obtained in this study were also confirmed by in a separate controlled virus resistance screening experiment for PVY, conducted both in the greenhouse and in the field (Onditi 2020). Cultivars were inoculated with PVY and grown both in the greenhouse and in the field while replanting harvested tubers over three consecutive seasons (Onditi 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

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Prevalence, distribution and control of six major potato viruses in Kenya

Onditi

Nyongesa

Vlugt

2020

Trop. plant pathol.

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In most developing countries, farmers lack sufficient supply of certified or healthy potato seed tubers. Hence, they often plant their own saved ware potato tubers, a practice that is known to contribute to spread and increase the prevalence of plant viruses. In this study, we proposed options for managing the virus based on the knowledge obtained from surveys of virus prevalence and distribution in potato cultivars grown under such conditions. Potato leaf samples randomly collected from 354 farms in five major potato-growing counties in Kenya were tested for six potato viruses; potato virus Y (PVY), potato leaf roll virus (PLRV), potato virus X (PVX), potato virus M (PVM), potato virus A (PVA) and potato virus S (PVS) through DAS-ELISA. Virus prevalence in the fields was high; 72.9% of the samples were positive for at least one of the six viruses; and 55.9% showed multiple infections. A follow-up survey conducted during three consecutive seasons, in two of the five counties, revealed that virus prevalence fluctuated across seasons. This suggested that updated information on virus prevalence might be of value for designing a virus control strategy. Distribution maps showed the presence of the viruses restricted to specific geographic regions, an indication of where control efforts should be directed. Four cultivars, Sherekea, Shangi, Kenya Karibu and Asante, grown at a high virus-prevalent area, showed low values of average ELISA absorbance (OD), suggest a field resistance to the viruses. This study demonstrated that knowledge of prevalence and distribution may be of value to identify and recommend virus resistant cultivars to replace susceptible ones, especially in the virus hotspot areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…Over the past few decades, there have been major changes in the types of potato cultivars grown by the Kenyan farmers. For instance, Shangi which was grown by only 5% of farmers in 2008 is now (2016) the main cultivars grown by 60.2% of the farmers (Crissman 1993;Kaguongo et al 2008;Onditi 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, distribution and control of six major potato viruses in Kenya

Onditi

Nyongesa

Vlugt

2020

Trop. plant pathol.

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“…Surveys indicated that PVY remained a problem with a high prevalence of 77.6% (Gildemacher et al 2009), 70.0% (Muthomi et al 2009) and 27.0% (Nyamwamu et al 2014) in the major potato growing areas. In a recent survey for PVY strains in Kenya, PVY N-Wi was found to be the most prevalent PVY strain in cultivars grown in the major potato growing counties (Onditi 2020). In different countries and continents in the world, there are reports of variations in the prevalence rates of the different PVY strains which have also been changing over time with PVY N-Wi and PVY NTN now being most widespread.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All the above genotypes were obtained as in vitro plantlets from the potato tissue culture laboratory at KALRO, Potato Research Centre, Tigoni and were free of the six major potato viruses: Potato virus Y (PVY), Potato leaf roll virus (PLRV), Potato virus X (PVX), Potato virus M (PVM), Potato virus A (PVA) and Potato virus S (PVS) as tested by double antibody sandwich enzyme linked immune-sorbent assay (DAS-ELISA). PVY strains for screening resistance were identified based on a survey of the PVY strains that occured in the five major potato growing areas in Kenya and where PVY N-Wi was the most prevalent PVY strain (Onditi 2020). PVY O , also identified from the above survey, was included in this study mainly to compare its ability to cause diseases in potato cultivars in relation to PVY N-Wi .…”

Section: Potato Genotypes and Pvy Strains For Pvy Resistance Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Kenya, PVY has been reported with high prevalence in farmers' fields (Gildemacher et al 2009;Muthomi et al 2011;Were et al 2013;Nyamwamu et al 2014), and this could be one of the main reasons for the low average tuber yields of 8.7 t/ha (FAOSTAT 2017), compared with over 35 t/ha which can be realized under experimental field potato growing conditions (Lung'aho et al 2007;Onditi et al 2012;NPCK 2017). The most widespread and destructive new recombinant PVY strains (PVY N-Wi and PVY NTN ) have been reported in the country (Were et al 2013) with PVY N-Wi found as the most prevalent PVY strain in a recent survey (Onditi 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Screening for PVYN-Wi Resistance in Kenyan Potato Cultivars

2021

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Over the past decades, two new strains of potato virus Y (PVYN-Wi (Wilga) and PVYNTN) have been the most widely distributed worldwide in potato crops (Solanum tuberosum L.). Effective resistance genes comprehensive against all the known strains of the virus are available in some commercial cultivars. However, not all resistance genes in cultivars have been challenged by the new PVY strains to confirm effectiveness of the resistances available. This study was set to identify PVY resistant genotypes and estimate yield losses in potato cultivars in Kenya. PVYN-Wi was used for PVY resistance screening because it was the most prevalent strain in Kenya and also was found to produce more severe infection in Kenyan potato genotypes compared with PVYO (the second most prevalent strain). Three cultivars, Kenya Karibu, Sherekea and Unica, were identified as resistant because they did not get PVY infections over three seasons of both greenhouse and field screening experiments. In addition, two early generation breeding clones were identified as resistant at 28 days post-inoculation. In susceptible cultivars Dutch Robyjn, Nyayo and Kenya Mpya, PVYN-Wi infection caused yield losses of 21.6, 39.0 and 53.1%, respectively, after three seasons. This study demonstrated the necessity to screen for PVY resistance based on the most prevalent PVY strains and to make an informed decision on the usefulness of current levels of resistance in potato cultivars.

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Epidemiology and control of potato virus Y in Kenya

Cited by 2 publications

References 81 publications

Prevalence, distribution and control of six major potato viruses in Kenya

Prevalence, distribution and control of six major potato viruses in Kenya

Screening for PVYN-Wi Resistance in Kenyan Potato Cultivars

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