Epidemiology and Pattern of Traumatic Brain Injuries at Annapurna Neurological Institute &amp; Allied Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal

Newall, Nicola; Gajuryal, Sharad Hari; Bidari, Sangita; Karki, Ashmita; Karki, Prashmita; Bodkin, Peter; Pant, Basant

doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2020.04.250

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a multifaceted condition that encompasses a wide range of injuries resulting from external physical trauma to the brain. It is one of the leading causes of death and disability in Nepal, with an estimated incidence of 382 per 100,000 individuals, which is higher than the global average of 351 per 100,000 [ 1 ]. It can manifest in various forms, ranging from mild, such as a concussion, to severe, potentially culminating in a state of coma or death [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outcome of patients with traumatic cranial nerve palsy admitted to a university hospital in Nepal

Kumari,

Gautam,

Parajuli

et al. 2024

Chin Neurosurg Jl

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Background Cranial nerve palsy (CNP) is a common complication of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Despite a high incidence of TBI in Nepal (382 per 100,000), literature on the specific management and outcome of CNP is lacking. This study aimed to examine the outcomes of TBI patients involving single versus multiple CNP. Methods A retrospective chart review of 170 consecutive TBI patients admitted to the tertiary neurosurgical center in Nepal between April 2020 and April 2022 was conducted. Demographic, clinical, and etiological characteristics; imaging findings; and management strategies were recorded, compared, and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended (GOSE) was used to measure the outcomes in two groups of patients (single and multiple CNP) at 3 months. Results Out of 250 eligible patients, 80 were excluded and CNP was noted in 29 (17.1%) of the remaining 170. The median age was 34.9 years, and falls (60.6%) were the most common cause of trauma. TBI severity was categorized based on GCS: mild (82.4%), moderate (15.9%), and severe (1.8%). Cranial nerve involvement was seen in 29 (17.05%) patients: single cranial nerve involvement in 26 (89.65%) and multiple nerve involvement in 3 (10.34%). The most common isolated cranial nerve involved was the oculomotor nerve (37.9%). CT findings revealed a maximum of skull fractures with no significant association between CNP and CT findings. Conclusions CNP is a common consequence of TBI with the most common etiology being falls followed by RTA. Single CNP was more common than multiple CNP with no significant difference in the outcome in the 3-month GOSE score. Further research is needed to determine the burden of traumatic CNP and establish specific management guidelines for different types of CNP.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outcome of patients with traumatic cranial nerve palsy admitted to a university hospital in Nepal

Kumari,

Gautam,

Parajuli

et al. 2024

Chin Neurosurg Jl

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“…The most global common causes of TBI are car accidents, falls and assaults [8] – [12] , and the most frequent victims of TBI are infants (0-4 years), young adults (15- 25 years) and the elderly (65+ years) [13] , [14] . This is true in both high and low-to-middle income countries (LMIC), though the exact numbers and cases are uncertain as data concerning TBI in LMICs are scarce, despite it being a prevalent public health issue [12] , [15] – [18] . For instance, a Nigerian study, at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital in Ikeja, found that 23% of TBI patients were referred to non-trauma centres because of a lack of bed space [12] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: Emerging Eye-Based Diagnostic Technologies for Traumatic Brain Injury

Harris

Rickard

Butt

et al. 2023

IEEE Rev. Biomed. Eng.

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The study of ocular manifestations of neurodegenerative disorders, Oculomics, is a growing field of investigation for early diagnostics, enabling structural and chemical biomarkers to be monitored overtime to predict prognosis. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) triggers a cascade of events harmful to the brain, which can lead to neurodegeneration. TBI, termed the "silent epidemic" is becoming a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. There is currently no effective diagnostic tool for TBI, and yet, earlyintervention is known to considerably shorten hospital stays, improve outcomes, fasten neurological recovery and lower mortality rates, highlighting the unmet need for techniques capable of rapid and accurate point-of-care diagnostics, implemented in the earliest stages. This review focuses on the latest advances in the main neuropathophysiological responses and the achievements and shortfalls of TBI diagnostic methods. Validated and emerging TBI-indicative biomarkers are outlined and linked to ocular neuro-disorders. Methods detecting structural and chemical ocular responses to TBI are categorised along with prospective chemical and physical sensing techniques. Particular attention is drawn to the potential of Raman spectroscopy as a non-invasive sensing of neurological molecular signatures in the ocular projections of the brain, laying the platform for the first tangible path towards alternative point-of-care diagnostic technologies for TBI.

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Assessment of the sentiments expressed by traumatic brain injury patients and caregivers: A qualitative study based on in-depth interviews

Mena-Marcos,

Sánchez-Romero,

Navarro-Main

et al. 2024

Heliyon

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Epidemiology and Pattern of Traumatic Brain Injuries at Annapurna Neurological Institute & Allied Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

Outcome of patients with traumatic cranial nerve palsy admitted to a university hospital in Nepal

Outcome of patients with traumatic cranial nerve palsy admitted to a university hospital in Nepal

Review: Emerging Eye-Based Diagnostic Technologies for Traumatic Brain Injury

Assessment of the sentiments expressed by traumatic brain injury patients and caregivers: A qualitative study based on in-depth interviews

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