Epidemiology and seasonality of respiratory tract virus infections in the tropics

Shek, Lynette Pei‐Chi; Lee, Bee-Wah

doi:10.1016/s1526-0542(03)00024-1

Cited by 259 publications

(227 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Moreover those infections showed a high case fatality rate of 25%. During the twelve months of study, Ad infections were observed year round without a clear seasonality as it was observed in other Brazilian cities and in other tropical countries (Arruda et al 1991, Nascimento et al 1991, Shek & Lee 2003, Tsuchiya et al 2005.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Antigenic and genomic characterization of adenovirus associated to respiratory infections in children living in Northeast Brazil

Moura¹,

Mesquita

Portes

et al. 2007

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Antigenic and genomic characterization of adenovirus associated to respiratory infections in children living in Northeast Brazil

Moura¹,

Mesquita

Portes

et al. 2007

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“…The seasonal pattern of HPIV-3 in the city of Fortaleza during this study shows singular characteristics when compared to those described in the scarce publications relating to HPIV infections in tropical countries [13,14]. In Fortaleza, as in other tropical areas, the rainy season is associated with higher incidences of viral ARI, especially those caused by RSV and influenza [13,14,28,33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…In the northeast of England, a hospital-based study of the epidemiology of respiratory infections among pediatric inpatients over a six-year period showed that HPIV-1 and HPIV-2 epidemics occurred together, but only every 2 years [12]. In tropical countries, there have been fewer studies of HPIV and most of them do not demonstrate a seasonal pattern of HPIV infections [13,14].The purposes of the study were: (1) To determine the rate of HPIV infections among children attended at the Albert Sabin Children's Hospital (HIAS) over six consecutive years; (2) To describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of these infections; (3) To show the seasonal pattern of HPIV infections and its relation with the rainy season and with periods of activity of other respiratory viruses; and (4) To compare the clinical characteristics of parainfluenza infections with infections caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza and adenovirus. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parainfluenza virus infections in a tropical city: clinical and epidemiological aspects

Fé¹,

Monteiro²,

Moura³

2008

Braz J Infect Dis

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Human parainfluenza viruses (HPIV) are genetically and antigenically divided into types 1 to 4 [1]. HPIV-1 to HPIV-3 are major causes of acute respiratory infections (ARI), including lower respiratory tract infections, in infants and children. These three types of HPIV have been more extensively investigated than HPIV-4 [2-4]. All subtypes can cause a full spectrum of respiratory illness, including upper respiratory infections, croup, bronchiolitis and pneumonia [1,5]. Seasonal patterns of HPIV infections are distinct among the subtypes and geographic regions. In the USA, HPIV-2 can cause yearly outbreaks or biennial epidemics in cocirculation with HPIV-1 during the fall seasons, while HPIV-3 causes yearly spring and summer epidemics [5][6][7][8][9][10]. In England and Wales HPIV-3 causes yearly epidemics in the summer as shown [11]. In the northeast of England, a hospital-based study of the epidemiology of respiratory infections among pediatric inpatients over a six-year period showed that HPIV-1 and HPIV-2 epidemics occurred together, but only every 2 years [12]. In tropical countries, there have been fewer studies of HPIV and most of them do not demonstrate a seasonal pattern of HPIV infections [13,14].The purposes of the study were: (1) To determine the rate of HPIV infections among children attended at the Albert Sabin Children's Hospital (HIAS) over six consecutive years; (2) To describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of these infections; (3) To show the seasonal pattern of HPIV infections and its relation with the rainy season and with periods of activity of other respiratory viruses; and (4) To compare the clinical characteristics of parainfluenza infections with infections caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza and adenovirus. Material and Methods Site of StudyThis study was conducted at HIAS, a teaching hospital where care is provided to children from low income families living in Fortaleza and other cities in the state of Ceará. The city of Fortaleza is located at sea level, 4 o south of the equator and has a tropical climate characterized by two distinct seasons: the rainy season, that occurs in the first semester of each year, usually from January to June, and the dry season, during the rest of the year. The humidity is high (>70%), and there is little temperature variation throughout the year. During this study, the minimum and maximum daily temperatures in Fortaleza were 21.1 o C and 33.9 o C, respectively. Population of StudyThe patients included in this study were children and teenagers (0 to 16 years old) with acute respiratory symptoms. They were attended at the emergency department, outpatients' clinics and pediatric wards of HIAS from January 2000 to December 2006. Inclusion CriteriaPatients were included in the study if they had one or more of the following symptoms with or without fever (≥37.5 o C): cough, coryza, sore throat, earache, breathing difficulty, stridor and/or wheezing within seven days of onset. Epidemiological and Clinical DataThe guardians a...

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“…Singapore is a well known exception to the general finding that peak RSV incidence occurs in the rainy season in tropical settings 4,22 , and consistent with this, both of Singapore studies found a negative association between RSV incidence and relative humidity. More detailed examination of such exceptions would be useful to investigate different environmental and behavioural factors that influence RSV incidence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Sunshine, rainfall, humidity and child pneumonia in the tropics: time-series analyses

et al. 2012

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3 SummaryFew studies have formally examined the relationship between meteorological factors and the incidence of child pneumonia in the tropics, despite the fact that most child pneumonia deaths occur here. We examined the association between four meteorological exposures (rainy days, sunshine, relative humidity and temperature) and the incidence of clinical pneumonia in young children in the Philippines using three time series methods: correlation of seasonal patterns, distributed lag regression, and case-crossover. Lack of sunshine was most strongly associated with pneumonia in both lagged regression (RR for a 1 hour increase in sunshine per day was 0.67 (95%CI 0.51 to 0.87)) and case-crossover analysis (OR for a 1 hour increase in mean daily sunshine 8 to 14 days earlier was 0.95 (95%CI 0.91 to 1.00)). This association is well known in temperate settings but has not been noted previously in the tropics. Further research to assess causality is needed.4

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Epidemiology and seasonality of respiratory tract virus infections in the tropics

Cited by 259 publications

References 29 publications

Antigenic and genomic characterization of adenovirus associated to respiratory infections in children living in Northeast Brazil

Antigenic and genomic characterization of adenovirus associated to respiratory infections in children living in Northeast Brazil

Parainfluenza virus infections in a tropical city: clinical and epidemiological aspects

Sunshine, rainfall, humidity and child pneumonia in the tropics: time-series analyses

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