Epidemiology and Survival Outcomes of Lung Cancer: A Population-Based Study

Abstract

Purpose. Lung cancer has been the top-ranking cause of cancer deaths in Taiwan for decades. Limited data were available in global cancer surveillance regarding lung cancer epidemiology in Taiwan, and previous reports are outdated. Patients and Methods. This population-based cohort study extracted data of patients with lung cancer from the Taiwan National Health Insurance database and determined the lung cancer incidence and prevalence during 2002–2014. Histological subtypes were retrieved from the Taiwan Cancer Registry database; survival rates were gathered from the National Death Registry. Average annual percentage changes (APCs) of prevalence, incidence, and overall survival were estimated by joinpoint regression analysis. Results. Age-standardized incidence of lung cancer increased from 45.04 per 100,000 person-years in 2002 to 49.86 per 100,000 person-years in 2014, with an average APC of 0.7 (95% CI = 0.3–1.1; 0.2 in males, 2.0 in females). Lung cancer was more prevalent in male patients, but this increase gradually slowed down. Socioeconomic analysis showed that lung cancer has higher prevalence in patients with higher income level and urban residency. Adenocarcinoma was the most abundant histological subtype in Taiwan (adenocarcinoma-to-squamous cell carcinoma ratio = 4.16 in 2014), with a 2.4-fold increase of incident cases during 2002–2014 (from 43.47% to 64.89% of all lung cancer cases). The 5-year survival rate of lung cancer patients in 2010 was 17.34% (12.60% in male, 25.40% in female), with an average APC of 9.3 (6.3 in male, 11.8 in female) during 2002–2010. Conclusion. Average APCs of prevalence and incidence of lung cancer were 3.1 and 0.7, respectively, during 2002–2014 in Taiwan. The number of female patients and number of patients with adenocarcinoma have increased the most, with incident cases doubling in these years. Facing this fatal malignancy, it is imperative to improve risk stratification, encourage early surveillance, and develop effective therapeutics for lung cancer patients in Taiwan.

Clinicopathological Profile of Lung Cancers at an Institute from South India—A Record Based Retrospective Cohort Study

“…Dikshit R et al [22] in their million death study opine that data for the National Cancer Registry programme were primarily obtained from the urban cancer registries, and were not representative of the rural areas where most Indians habituate. Lin H.T et al [23] estimated the overall survival rates of lung cancer by utilizing the Charlson Comorbidity index (CCI). In their study [23], it was found that lung cancer patients with CCI score ≤ 1 (28.7% of total cases) had a better 5-year survival rate (24.5% vs 14.2%) compared to those with a score ≥ 2 (71.3% of total cases).…”

“…Lin H.T et al [23] estimated the overall survival rates of lung cancer by utilizing the Charlson Comorbidity index (CCI). In their study [23], it was found that lung cancer patients with CCI score ≤ 1 (28.7% of total cases) had a better 5-year survival rate (24.5% vs 14.2%) compared to those with a score ≥ 2 (71.3% of total cases). Cardwell et al [24] in their population-based lung cancer cohort, report a weak inverse association between statin usage and time to lung cancer-specific death (11% reduction, p = 0.09).…”

Mesenchymal stem cells promote metastasis through activation of an ABL-MMP9 signaling axis in lung cancer cells

“…Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide with an overall five-year survival rate of less than 20% [ 1 , 2 ]. Notably, ~40% of lung cancer patients have metastasis at the time of diagnosis which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality [ 3 ].…”

Rosthorin A inhibits non-small cell lung cancer cell growth and metastasis through repressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition via downregulating Slug

“…In recent years, researchers have been made great progress in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. However, lung cancer always ranks first in the number of cancer deaths every year, accounting for 18.4% of total cancer deaths in 2018 [ 3 ], and most of them are related to the metastasis of lung cancer. At the time of diagnosis, more than 60% of lung cancer patients have advanced stage or metastasis [ 4 ].…”