Epidemiology of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>

Sonnenberg, Amnon

doi:10.1111/apt.16592

Cited by 24 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…On the other hand, the risk of developing gastroduodenal diseases is distinctly low when H. pylori is excluded. There is evidence that the prevalence of H. pylori infection is decreasing in developed countries [5][6][7]15] so the majority of histological assessments of gastric mucosa performed in routine practice are negative. This would limit the clinical impact of routine biopsies and increase resources expend.…”

Section: H Pylori Plays a Major Role In Different Benign And Malignan...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, the risk of developing these conditions definitely falls when the infection is ruled out. Fortunately, the incidence of H. pylori is decreasing in developed countries [5]. Indeed, two multicentre, endoscopic studies found an H. pylori prevalence of 34% in 2012 and 22.3% in 2020, respectively, in Italy [6,7], and a value as low as 10% was computed in a large histological database in the USA [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Real-time gastric juice analysis with EndoFaster for H. pylori diagnosis: a large, multicentre study

Zullo

Germanà²,

Galliani³

et al. 2022

European Journal of Gastroenterology &Amp; Hepatology

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Background Helicobacter pylori infection is the main cause of the most frequent gastroduodenal diseases. Because its prevalence is decreasing in developed countries, gastric biopsies are negative in several patients. By measuring ammonium in the gastric juice, EndoFaster allows to exclude H. pylori infection during endoscopy. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of device versions working with either 6 ml or 3 ml of gastric juice. Study design This prospective study involved 12 endoscopic units. During endoscopy, EndoFaster testing was performed and standard five gastric biopsies were taken. The accuracy was calculated by considering histological assessment as the gold standard for H. pylori diagnosis. Results Gastric juice analysis was attempted in 1279 patients, but it failed in 131 (15.5%) and in 10 (2.3%), with the 6 ml and the 3 ml device, respectively (P < 0.001). Overall, EndoFaster detected H. pylori infection with an 86.3% sensitivity, 83.3% specificity, 52.7% positive predictive value, 96.6% negative predictive value and 83.8% accuracy. The performance was not affected either by ongoing proton pump inhibitor therapy or a previous H. pylori eradication. No significant difference in accuracy emerged between the two versions of the device. Conclusion The novel version of the EndoFaster device operating with 3 ml gastric juice may be performed in virtually all patients, and it allows excluding H. pylori infection with a very high accuracy. Gastric biopsies can be avoided in a definite portion of cases without endoscopic lesions or other clinical indications.

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Section: H Pylori Plays a Major Role In Different Benign And Malignan...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time gastric juice analysis with EndoFaster for H. pylori diagnosis: a large, multicentre study

Zullo

Germanà²,

Galliani³

et al. 2022

European Journal of Gastroenterology &Amp; Hepatology

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“…Helicobacter pylori is a gram-negative, microaerophilic, helixshaped bacterium that is believed to induce gastritis, gastric ulcers, and even cancer (Suerbaum and Michetti, 2002;Baj et al, 2020). Epidemiological investigations showed that H. pylori infects approximately 30-80% of people worldwide and poses a great threat to human health (Ren et al, 2022;Sonnenberg, 2022). Therefore, research on the invasive mechanism of H. pylori is crucial for its prevention and treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

dupA+H. pylori reduces diversity of gastric microbiome and increases risk of erosive gastritis

Chen

Liu

Chen

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Helicobacter pylori is believed to induce gastropathy; however, the exact pathogenic molecules involved in this process have not been elucidated. Duodenal ulcer promoting gene A (DupA) is a virulence factor with a controversial role in gastric inflammation and carcinogenesis. To explore and confirm the function of DupA in gastropathy from the perspective of the microbiome, we investigated the microbial characteristics of 48 gastritis patients through 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. In addition, we isolated 21 H. pylori strains from these patients and confirmed the expression of dupA using PCR and qRT-PCR. Bioinformatics analysis identified diversity loss and compositional changes as the key features of precancerous lesions in the stomach, and H. pylori was a characteristic microbe present in the stomach of the gastritis patients. Co-occurrence analysis revealed that H. pylori infection inhibits growth of other gastric inhabiting microbes, which weakened the degradation of xenobiotics. Further analysis showed that dupA+ H. pylori were absent in precancerous lesions and were more likely to appear in erosive gastritis, whereas dupA− H. pylori was highly abundant in precancerous lesions. The presence of dupA in H. pylori caused less disturbance to the gastric microbiome, maintaining the relatively richness of gastric microbiome. Overall, our findings suggest that high dupA expression in H. pylori is correlated with a high risk of erosive gastritis and a lower level of disturbance to the gastric microbiome, indicating that DupA should be considered a risk factor of erosive gastritis rather than gastric cancer.

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“…Many studies have confirmed the role of tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking and poor oral hygiene in the etiology of EC (Chen et al, 2017;Geßner et al, 2021;Jayalekshmi et al, 2021). Some studies have found, however, that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), an infectious agent that is known to be an important risk H. pylori infection and some diseases, but that only 20% of H. pylori-infected patients develop a serious disease (Sonnenberg, 2022). The extent and the severity of these associated diseases depend on several factors, such as the bacterial virulence factors and the host factors such as the immune system and environmental determinants (Amieva et al, 2016;Yamaoka et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Helicobacter Pylori Infection and the Risk of Esophageal Cancer in Thailand

Poosari

Nutravong

Namwat

et al. 2023

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev

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Objective: Esophageal cancer (EC) is a multifactorial disease and a leading cause of mortality. Epidemiological and molecular studies have provided evidence that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is an important cause of gastric carcinogenesis and thus, may be related to EC. However, esophagus H. pylori infection in Thai patients with newly diagnosed EC has not been reported. Moreover, the evidence of the association with H. pylori to EC is controversial. This study investigated the possible association between H. pylori infection with a virulence gene and EC in Thailand. Methods: A case-control study was conducted that involved 105 newly diagnosed EC patients and 108 healthy controls. The prevalence of H. pylori infection detected in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded EC tissue in esophageal biopsy specimens from the subjects was measured using real-time PCR. All the data were collected in face to face interviews using a structured questionnaire. Multivariable unconditional logistic regression was used to calculate and analyses the odds ratios (ORs) of the data. Results: A significant association was found between H. pylori infection and EC (p < 0.001, 95% CI:3.11-10.48). H. pylori-positive subjects had a 2.76 times higher risk of developing ESCC. Moreover, the H. pylori-positive subjects who were CagA-positive had slightly higher ORs and statistically significant risk factors. Conclusions: H. pylori infection was found to be associated with a risk of EC in Thailand, and among the H. pyloripositive subjects who were CagA-positive had a higher risk factor of ESCC but not of EAC.

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Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori

Cited by 24 publications

References 118 publications

Real-time gastric juice analysis with EndoFaster for H. pylori diagnosis: a large, multicentre study

Real-time gastric juice analysis with EndoFaster for H. pylori diagnosis: a large, multicentre study

dupA+H. pylori reduces diversity of gastric microbiome and increases risk of erosive gastritis

Relationship between Helicobacter Pylori Infection and the Risk of Esophageal Cancer in Thailand

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