Epidemiology of<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>Colonization in Nursing Home Residents

Mody, Lona; Kauffman, Carol A.; Donabedian, Susan; Zervos, Marcus J.; Bradley, Suzanne F.

doi:10.1086/586751

Cited by 120 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Rectal swabs were reported to have higher yields of S. aureus detection than stool cultures [7], but a more recent comparison [8] gave opposite results for MRSA. Other studies reported similar frequencies of carriage for both perianal and groin sites of carriage for nursing home residents and hospitalized patients respectively [9,10]. Also, direct comparisons of the rectal and perineal sites gave similar frequencies of detection [11] and in another recent study screening of the perineal area, the rectum and the inguinal area gave similar frequencies of detection of MRSA [12], which legitimates the use of all of these sites to define intestinal carriage.…”

Section: Culture Methods and Definition Of Perineal And Intestinal Camentioning

confidence: 58%

“…More recently, Zhang et al [39] reported that nasal screening alone would have detected 76% of MRSA carriers and that the inclusion of rectal screening increased the detection sensitivity to 96%, indicating 20% rectal carriers without nasal carriage. Reyes et al [36] reported an intestinal carriage frequency without nasal carriage in 27% of their MRSA-positive patients, whereas Mody et al [10] showed that 23% of their MRSA carriers were only colonized in the perianal area. Altogether, comparisons of rates of nasal and intestinal carriage of MRSA were recorded in 16 of the studies mentioned (Table 4).…”

Section: Distribution Of Mrsa Detection Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Direct comparison of the distribution of intestinal carriers versus nasal carriers amongst MRSA-colonized patient groups could be deduced from 22 reports (Table 4) [9,10,13,18,19,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39]. Table 4 surveys the frequency of patients with intestinal carriage and nasal carriage expressed as a percentage of all MRSA-colonized patients found in the various studies.…”

Section: Distribution Of Mrsa Detection Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intestinal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus: how does its frequency compare with that of nasal carriage and what is its clinical impact?

Acton¹,

Plat-Sinnige

Wamel

et al. 2008

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

214

162

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The bacterial species Staphylococcus aureus, including its methicillin-resistant variant (MRSA), finds its primary ecological niche in the human nose, but is also able to colonize the intestines and the perineal region. Intestinal carriage has not been widely investigated despite its potential clinical impact. This review summarizes literature on the topic and sketches the current state of affairs from a microbiological and infectious diseases' perspective. Major findings are that the average reported detection rate of intestinal carriage in healthy individuals and patients is 20% for S. aureus and 9% for MRSA, which is approximately half of that for nasal carriage. Nasal carriage seems to predispose to intestinal carriage, but sole intestinal carriage occurs relatively frequently and is observed in 1 out of 3 intestinal carriers, which provides a rationale to include intestinal screening for surveillance or in outbreak settings. Colonization of the intestinal tract with S. aureus at a young age occurs at a high frequency and may affect the host's immune system. The frequency of intestinal carriage is generally underestimated and may significantly contribute to bacterial dissemination and subsequent risk of infections. Whether intestinal rather than nasal S. aureus carriage is a primary predictor for infections is still ill-defined.

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Section: Culture Methods and Definition Of Perineal And Intestinal Camentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Distribution Of Mrsa Detection Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Distribution Of Mrsa Detection Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Intestinal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus: how does its frequency compare with that of nasal carriage and what is its clinical impact?

Acton¹,

Plat-Sinnige

Wamel

et al. 2008

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

214

162

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“…In the USA, a single CA-MRSA clone, designated USA300, has become prevalent [58]. USA300, the prototype of CA-MRSA, has recently started to enter the healthcare system, causing infections and outbreaks among neonates [59], nosocomial bloodstream infections [60] and colonisation in residents of long-term care facilities [61].…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Mrsa In Hospitalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What is MRSA?

Pantosti¹,

Venditti²

2009

Eur Respir J

109

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For decades methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been considered the prototype of multi-resistant nosocomial pathogens, causing infections in highrisk patients. Changes in the healthcare system, coupled with the evolution of this versatile microorganism, have transformed MRSA into a cause of community-onset infections, in both patients who have contact with the healthcare system and patients without such a risk factor.New lineages of MRSA, defined as community acquired (CA)-MRSA, have emerged that have a propensity to cause infections in young individuals without risk factors. CA-MRSA primarily causes skin infections and, rarely, necrotising pneumonia. In the USA, these strains belong to a single widespread clone, designated USA300, while in Europe they belong to a variety of clones. Most strains carry genes for the Panton-Valentine leukocidin, whose role in diseases is under debate.In subjects living in the community who have contact with the healthcare system, MRSA strains of the nosocomial type are a frequent cause of infection and of pneumonia in particular. The detection of a large MRSA reservoir in pigs and the finding that professionally exposed individuals are colonised, has further shown that it is necessary to closely follow the epidemiology of MRSA if we want to combat it effectively.

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“…Em um trabalho efetuado com enfermeiros e residentes de Enfermagem nos Estados Unidos, verificou-se ocorrência de colonização por S. aureus em 62%, demonstrando alta prevalência de colonização entre estes profissionais (MODY et al, 2008). Embora exista uma diversidade de resultados publicados na literatura, considerou-se elevada a prevalência de S. aureus no presente estudo (56%).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Prevalência de Staphylococcus Aureus Meticilina Resistente em Profissionais de Enfermagem

2016

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O Staphylococcus aureus é um dos patógenos de maior prevalência em Infecções Relacionadas à Assistência à Saúde devido à sua capacidade de sofrer resistência. A disseminação por profissionais de saúde tem sido apontada como predisponente para o aumento desse microrganismo. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a prevalência de S. aureus nas mãos e mucosa nasal de profissionais de Enfermagem de um hospital de Cascavel (PR). As amostras coletadas através de swab foram semeadas em ágar manitol salgado 7,5%. As colônias sugestivas foram submetidas ao Gram e testes bioquímicos da Catalase, DNase e Coagulase. A partir do isolamento, realizou-se teste de suscetibilidade antimicrobiana. A taxa de colonização foi de 56%, com 92% de MSSA e 8% de MRSA. Estes dados ressaltam a importância de investigações da prevalência e resistência de S. aureus e a necessidade de estudos de vigilância quanto à disseminação de microrganismos em nível hospitalar.

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Epidemiology ofStaphylococcus aureusColonization in Nursing Home Residents

Abstract: Extranasal colonization with MRSA is common among nursing home residents-particularly among residents with an indwelling device. We documented the emergence of community-associated SCCmec IV MRSA strains in the community nursing home setting in southeastern Michigan.

Cited by 120 publications

References 32 publications

Intestinal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus: how does its frequency compare with that of nasal carriage and what is its clinical impact?

Intestinal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus: how does its frequency compare with that of nasal carriage and what is its clinical impact?

What is MRSA?

Prevalência de Staphylococcus Aureus Meticilina Resistente em Profissionais de Enfermagem

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