Epidemiology of Traumatic Brain Injury in Eastern China, 2004: A Prospective Large Case Study

Wu, Xing; Hu, Jin; Zhuo, Lin; Fu, Chaowei; Gao, Hui; Wang, Yehan; Yang, Weizhong; Teng, Long; Lu, Sitin; Xu, Gengsheng

doi:10.1097/ta.0b013e318165c803

Cited by 131 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of mortality, morbidity, and in China it is the highest contributor to mortality in adults under 40 years of age (Wu et al., 2008). In addition to primary damages to the brain that occurs immediately following injury, secondary brain injury is highly heterogeneous in presentation and multifactorial in causes (Bramlett & Dietrich, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erythropoietin regulates immune/inflammatory reaction and improves neurological function outcomes in traumatic brain injury

Zhou

Zheng

et al. 2017

Brain and Behavior

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IntroductionTraumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a leading cause of disability and death among young people in China. Unfortunately, no specific pharmacological agents to block the progression of secondary brain injury have been approved for clinical treatment. Recently, neuroprotective effects of erythropoietin (EPO) have been demonstrated in addition to its principal function in erythropoiesis, and hence it is viewed as a potential drug for TBI. In this study, we have investigated the neuroprotective effects of EPO associated with immune/inflammatory modulation in a mouse experimental TBI model.Methods EPO (5000 U/kg body weight, i.p.) was injected at 1 hr, 1, 2, and 3 days after TBI, and its effect on cognitive function, brain edema, immune/inflammatory cells including regulatory T cells (Tregs), neutrophils, CD3+ T cells, and microglia, cytokines including interleukin‐10 (IL‐10), transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β), interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) were evaluated at different time points after treatment.Results EPO treatment significantly decreased brain edema and improved cognitive function when compared to Saline‐treated mice (p < .05). EPO treatment also significantly increased Tregs level in spleen and injured brain tissue as well as significantly reduced the infiltration and activation of immune/inflammatory cells (neutrophils, CD3+T cells, and microglia) in the injured hemisphere compared to Saline‐treated control animals (p < .05). In addition, ELISA analysis demonstrated that EPO treatment increased the expression of anti‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐10, but decreased the expression of proinflammatory cytokine IL‐1β and TNF‐α in the injured brain tissue (p < .05).ConclusionsThese findings suggest that EPO could improve neurological and cognitive functional outcomes as well as regulate immune/inflammatory reaction in TBI.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erythropoietin regulates immune/inflammatory reaction and improves neurological function outcomes in traumatic brain injury

Zhou

Zheng

et al. 2017

Brain and Behavior

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“…According to the high percentage of traffic accidents, it is expected that more accidents occur outside the home. The results of a study in China showed that almost one-third of traffic accidents were related to motorcycles (15). In this study, motorcycle accident was also the most common cause of road accidents which can be due to increased use of motorcycles in the city as well as very low compliance with traffic rules.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…In studies conducted on the entire country, the most common type of accidents was road accidents and then falling (10). In a study conducted in China on brain injuries, 60% of injuries were due to traffic accidents (15). To prevent and reduce accidents, especially traffic accidents, cooperation between various organizations is required and forming committees of safe community, education and awareness, and designing and implementing interventions can be effective.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the accidents recorded in units affiliated with Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Iran

Najafi

Beheshti

Teimori

et al. 2017

JOHE

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Received: March 2017, Accepted: June 2017 Background: Accidents are a major cause of death, injury and disability. This study was conducted to examine the epidemiology of injuries due to accidents in units affiliated with Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Materials and Methods:In this cross-sectional study, all patients in units affiliated with Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences were studied from March 2014 to March 2015. Information on accidents were classified according to the International Statistical Classification of Disease and Related Health Problems, 10 th Revision (ICD-10). Data analysis was performed using SPSS software. Results: In total, 8151 people were studied. The average age of injured was 26.5 ± 18.2 years. About 68% of the patients were male and others were female. Blows (34.8%) and traffic accidents (32.4%) were the most common causes of accidents. Most of the accidents occurred in the age group of 15 to 35 years. Statistical tests showed significant correlation between the type of accident and age, gender, location and time of the accident. Conclusions:The majority of accidents occurred in young men and in urban areas. So planning and implementing policies for prevention of accidents and injuries in this age group as a health priority is a key instrument for promoting safety in the city.

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“…Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a leading cause of disability and death in young individuals in China (Wu et al., 2008). Many patients survive; however, they often suffer from poor long‐term outcomes, such as cognitive deficits, because of a lack of effective treatments (Bohnen, Jolles, & Twijnstra, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical stimulation improved cognitive deficits associated with traumatic brain injury in rats

Zheng

Dong

et al. 2017

Brain and Behavior

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IntroductionCognitive deficits associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI) reduce patient quality of life. However, to date, there have been no effective treatments for TBI‐associated cognitive deficits. In this study, we aimed to determine whether electrical stimulation (ES) improves cognitive deficits in TBI rats.MethodsRats were randomly divided into three groups: the Sham control group, electrical stimulation group (ES group), and No electrical stimulation control group (N‐ES group). Following fluid percussion injury, the rats in the ES group received ES treatment for 3 weeks. Potent cognitive function‐relevant factors, including the escape latency, time percentage in the goal quadrant, and numbers of CD34+ cells, von Willebrand Factor+ (vWF +) vessels, and circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), were subsequently assessed using the Morris water maze (MWM) test, immunohistochemical staining, and flow cytometry.ResultsCompared with the rats in the N‐ES group, the rats in the ES group exhibited a shorter escape latency on day 3 (p = .025), day 4 (p = .011), and day 5 (p = .003), as well as a higher time percentage in the goal quadrant (p = .025) in the MWM test. After 3 weeks of ES, there were increased numbers of CD34+ cells (p = .008) and vWF + vessels (p = .000) in the hippocampus of injured brain tissue in the ES group compared with those in the N‐ES group. Moreover, ES also significantly increased the number of EPCs in the peripheral blood from days 3 to 21 after TBI in the ES group (p < .05).ConclusionsTaken together, these findings suggest that ES may improve cognitive deficits induced by TBI, and this protective effect may be a result, in part, of enhanced angiogenesis, which may be attributed to the increased mobilization of EPCs in peripheral blood.

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Epidemiology of Traumatic Brain Injury in Eastern China, 2004: A Prospective Large Case Study

Abstract: The prospective cohort study shows an alteration of TBI during the past decade in eastern China. It is essential to establish a standardized surveillance system of TBI incidence, risk factors, causes, and outcomes for development of new, more effective, targeted strategies to prevent TBI.

Cited by 131 publications

References 29 publications

Erythropoietin regulates immune/inflammatory reaction and improves neurological function outcomes in traumatic brain injury

Erythropoietin regulates immune/inflammatory reaction and improves neurological function outcomes in traumatic brain injury

Investigation of the accidents recorded in units affiliated with Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Iran

Electrical stimulation improved cognitive deficits associated with traumatic brain injury in rats

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