Epidermal Structure and Ontoǵeny of Stomata in some Verbenaceae

Abstract

The present paper deals with epidermal structure and development of stomata in 14 species of Verbenaceae. The epidermal cells are either polygonal, isodiametric, or elongated in various directions, and irregularly arranged. The anticlinal walls are thick, mostly sinuous, occasionally arched or straight. The surface of the cuticle shows parallel, rarely corrugated, striations. Some 12 types of eglandular and glandular trichomes, and foliar nectaries are noticed. The mature stomata are diacytic, anisocytic, paracytic, with a single subsidiary cell, anomocytic and perigenous. The development of anomocytic stomata is perigenous, while that of others is mesogenous or syndetocheilic type. Abnormalities noticed here include contiguous stomata, stomata with a single guard cell, and aborted guard cells.

Stem and leaf anatomy of six species ofVerbenanative to Buenos Aires province, Argentina

“…The species in this study show nonglandular unicellular trichomes with multicellular bases with cystoliths as in other representatives of the family (Inamdar 1969;Metcalfe & Chalk 1979;Botta 1993;Barboza et al 2001). This type of trichome has been previously cited for the Verbena genus (Inamdar 1969;Mathew & Shah 1983;Can˜igueral et al 1998;Souza et al 2005;O'Leary et al 2007).…”

“…The sclerenchyma, represented by caps of fibres in the stem angles and phloem fibres, of Verbena species studied is similar to that described for other genera of the family (Barboza et al 2001;Souza et al 2005;O'Leary et al 2007). The leaves of Verbena species considered in this study present the general characteristics of the Verbenaceae family and specifically those of the Verbena genus (Metcalfe & Chalk 1950, 1979Inamdar 1969;Souza et al 2005;O'Leary et al 2007): nonglandular and glandular trichomes of different types, stomata on both epidermal surfaces and heterogeneous mesophyll.…”

“…However, Souza et al (2005) reported paracytic stomata in V. litoralis and Inamdar (1969) found diacytic ones in V. venosa (Syn. V. rigida Spreng.).…”

“…Metcalfe and Chalk (1979) performed comprehensive anatomical revisions of the Verbenaceae. Inamdar (1969) described the epidermis and the ontogenesis of stomata of different genera of the Verbenaceae. However, few anatomical studies have been carried out on Verbena.…”

Efeitos da intensidade luminosa sobre a morfo-anatomia foliar de Bouchea fluminensis (Vell.) Mold. (Verbenaceae) e sua importância no controle de qualidade da droga vegetal

“…De acordo com Metcalfe e Chalk (1972), a presença de estômatos em ambas as faces caracteriza algumas espécies de Verbenaceae, como Amasonia, Casselia, Baillonia e muitas espécies de Bouchea, sendo comuns, nestas, os tipos paracítico e diacítico. Na maioria das espécies de Verbenaceae, analisadas por Inamdar (1969), e nas duas espécies de Clerodendrum analisadas por Herman (1998), os estômatos são do tipo diacítico, podendo ocorrer juntamente com outros tipos.…”