Epstein-Barr virus status and the histopathological changes of parotid gland lymphoid infiltrates in HIV-positive children

Polymerase chain reaction-based clonality testing in tissue samples with reactive lymphoproliferations: usefulness and pitfalls. A report of the BIOMED-2 Concerted Action BMH4-CT98-3936

“…sarcoidosis, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, myoepithelial sialo-adenitis) are thought to result from activation of polyclonal antigen-selected lymphocytes. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] It is largely unknown how such (massive) antigen-driven proliferations influence Ig/TCR clonality assessment. In particular the question arises whether all histologically defined reactive lesions are truly polyclonal lymphoproliferations or whether oligoclonal or even seemingly monoclonal gene rearrangement patterns might be found, owing to the high pressure of chronic antigen-driven selection of B cells.…”

Diagnostic approach to lymphoid lesions of major salivary glands

“…In the lymphoepithelial lesions and cysts, the majority of intraepithelial lymphocytes are CD20þ centrocyte-like B-cells, as in LESA, while most inter-follicular lymphocytes are CD8þ Tcells. 8 Immunostaining for the p24 core antigen of HIV is positive in follicular dendritic cells and inter-follicular macrophages and is useful for the diagnosis of HSGD. Clinical testing for HIV infection should be performed to confirm a diagnosis of HIVassociated salivary gland disease.…”

P24 immunohistochemistry on lymphoid tissue: the histopathologist’s role in HIV diagnosis

“…Several publications by histopathologists in the last 25 years have explored p24 expression by immunohistochemistry in paraffin sections of tissue specimens procured at surgery for diagnosis, encompassing lymph nodes, 15,17–25 tonsil/Waldeyer’s ring, 8,9,26–29 thymus, 30 salivary gland, 31–35 brain/spinal cord, 36–42 retina, 43,44 skeletal muscle, 45 stomach, 46 bowel, 47–49 liver, 50 placenta 51–53 and others 54 . However, to the best of our knowledge only two of these studies have explored the use of p24 immunohistochemistry to diagnose HIV infection.…”

“…Isolated positive cells may also be demonstrated in bone marrow trephine biopsy specimens (unpublished observations). p 2 4 immunohistochemistry in the clinical setting Several publications by histopathologists in the last 25 years have explored p24 expression by immunohistochemistry in paraffin sections of tissue specimens procured at surgery for diagnosis, encompassing lymph nodes, 15,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] tonsil ⁄ Waldeyer's ring, 8,9,[26][27][28][29] thymus, 30 salivary gland, [31][32][33][34][35] brain ⁄ spinal cord, [36][37][38][39][40][41][42] retina, 43,44 skeletal muscle, 45 stomach, 46 bowel, [47][48][49] liver, 50 placenta 51-53 and others. 54 However, to the best of our knowledge only two of these studies have explored the use of p24 immunohistochemistry to diagnose HIV infection.…”