Equine idiopathic cheek teeth fractures. Part 1: Pathological studies on 35 fractured cheek teeth

Abstract

All CT with idiopathic fractures are all at risk of pulpar or even apical infection.

Computed tomography of the upper cheek teeth in horses with infundibular changes and apical infection

“…The tooth-number linked changes can be explained by the mechanism of tooth eruption, as molars do not have a deciduous cap to protect them during eruption, and the age of the tooth in comparison to the others (Dacre et al 2007). The 109/209 are older than the other teeth and appear shorter and are more prone to dental wear (Dacre et al 2007).…”

“…Caries has been defined as a progressive demineralisation of the dental cementum, enamel and dentin (Lundstrom et al 2007). Caries of the infundibular cementum of the equine maxillary cheek teeth can develop secondary to acquired dental disease, such as a tooth fracture (Dacre et al 2007). Another theoretically predisposing condition of caries and infundibular cavitation occurs during development and is known as 'infundibular cemental hypoplasia'.…”

“…Caries can also be the cause of a maxillary cheek tooth fracture (Dixon and Dacre 2005). Tooth fracture secondary to caries is mostly seen in horses aged 9-10 years (Dacre et al 2007;Dixon et al 2007). It occurs due to severe caries that weakens the tooth and makes it more vulnerable to mastication forces (Dixon et al 2000a).…”

Biomechanical Evaluation of Equine Masticatory Action: Position and Curvature of Equine Cheek Teeth and Age‐Related Changes

“…Thus, the anticlinal teeth of the upper jaw and the lower jaw were not antagonists. Interestingly, the teeth 109/209 are known to cause most clinical dental problems within the entire cheek tooth battery (Traub-Dargatz et al, 1991;Baker, 1999;Dixon et al, 2000;Henninger et al, 2003;Dacre et al, 2007). It is tempting to suggest that its anticlinal position -with the tooth being wedged in between teeth of two opposing positions -plays a role in the aetiopathology of such problems even though such considerations still lack experimental evidence.…”

Particularités des affections bucco-dentaires chez le cheval

“…Le confinement de la dent en croissance à l'intérieur de la mâchoire inférieure ou de la mâchoire supérieure peut comprimer la vascularisation apicale, prédisposant à une ischémie et à l'infection par des bactéries anachorétiques (Tremaine, 2013). D'autres pathogénies ont été également suggérées comme l'inoculation de la pulpe par des bactéries franchissant des fissures ou des fractures occlusales (Dixon et al 2000 ;Dacre et al 2007 ;Dacre et al 2008). L'inflammation de la pulpe pourrait entraîner un arrêt de la production de la dentine secondaire par les cellules odontoblastiques, provoquant sa porosité et l'exposition éven-tuelle de la cavité pulpaire aux bactéries buccales.…”