Essential oil composition ofRosa damascenaMill. from different localities in Lebanon

Abstract

Abstract.-Rosa damascena Mill. is used for essential oil production in many regions in the world. Surveys conducted in Lebanon showed that Lebanese people still widely use R. damascena in its multiple varieties to produce rose water. In this study seven cultivars of R. damascena growing in different ecosystems were collected from several regions in Lebanon. The oil has been extracted by steam distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry GC/MS and gas chromatography equipped with a flame ionizing detector GC/FID. The investigated factors were cultural practices, taxonomical and ecological characters. We report the differences in the identified components. The study shows quantitative and qualitative differences between all samples and those of oils from other countries. This is the first report on the chemical composition of R. damascena growing in Lebanon.Key words : Rosa damascena Mill. -Rosaceae -essential oil -Lebanon -chemical composition.Résumé.-Les fleurs de Rosa damascena Mill. sont utilisées pour la production d'huile essentielle dans de nombreuses régions du monde. Des enquêtes menées au Liban ont montré que les Libanais utilisent largement la rose de Damas dans ses multiples variétés pour produire l'eau de rose. Dans cette étude, sept échantillons de R. damascena poussant dans différents écosys-tèmes ont été cueillis de plusieurs régions du Liban. L'huile essentielle a été extraite par hydrodistillation et analysée par chromatographie en phase gazeuse couplée à la spectrométrie de masse GC/MS et par chromatographie en phase gazeuse munie d'un détecteur à ionisation de flamme GC/FID. Les facteurs étudiés étaient: les pratiques culturales et les caractères taxonomiques et écologiques. Dans ce travail nous rapportons les différences dans les composés identifiés. L'étude a montré des différences quantitatives et qualitatives entre tous les échantillons et ceux des huiles provenant de différents pays. Il s'agit du premier rapport publié sur la composition chimique de cette huile essentielle au Liban.Mots clés : Rosa damascena Mill. -Rosaceae -huile essentielle -Liban -composition chimique.

Essential Oil Composition of Rose Flowers from Karangpring Village Jember District Extracted by Distillation and Enfleurage

“…The odor of this extract represents the right fragrance of rose flowers with a pleasant odour. In our research, we do not find any other volatile compounds that could be extracted from this rose water, like other research which are conducted by Kurkeuoglu & Baser (2003), Eikani et al (2005), Najem et al (2011), Agarwal et al (2003) and Babu et al (2002), using various solvents ofn-hexane, n-butylacetate,pentane, and dichloromethane, respectively, to isolate citronellol, geraniol, nerol, linalool and eugenol, instead of obtaining 2-phenylethyl alcohol.…”

“…Some efforts have been made to extract rose oil with higher quality, meaning that it has a high content of rose alcohol, but low or even free of ester, higher alkanes, and fat (Eikani et al 2005). Various methods to extract rose oil are distillation (Najem et al 2011;Hosni et al 2010;Agarwal et al 2005), solvent extraction (Rusanov et al 2011;Watanabe et al 2001;Kurkeuoglu and Baser, 2003), enfleurage (Yulianingsih et al 2007), and supercritical CO2 (Reverchon et al 1997). Kumar et al(2016) have applied distillation of Damask rose flowers with saline water containing 75 g NaCl/kg of rose flowers to increase about 42% higher of rose oil content compared to distillation in water only.…”

Nitrogen and Sulfur Fertilization Modulates the Yield, Essential Oil and Quality Traits of Wild Marigold (Tagetes minuta L.) in the Western Himalaya

“…This is because of slight drop in temperature during second year during reproductive phase which controls the synthesis of EO, as environment plays a major role in it. At flowering stage low temperature during night reduces the EO synthesis ( Najem et al, 2011 ). N at 120 kg ha –1 recorded higher EO content; these results can be because the application of N is directly involved in the vegetative growth of plant which results in increasing the proportion of leafy parts in the herb which will lead to more leaf to stem ratio as compared to control plants.…”

Enantioselective comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography. A route to elucidate the authenticity and origin ofRosa damascena Milleressential oils

“…At present, the method of choice for the analysis of volatile compounds present in rose essential oils is capillary GC on nonpolar polysiloxane columns with flame ionization detection (FID) and/or MS detection is similar as the analysis of volatiles in other essential oils . However, it is surprising that the GC analysis of fragrances in Rosa Damascena essential oil has so far not used olfactometric detector that allows detecting trace concentrations of aromatic components in the essential oil .…”