Essential role of the small GTPase Rac in disease resistance of rice

Ono, E.

doi:10.1073/pnas.021273498

Cited by 154 publications

(166 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Rac proteins are also involved in innate immunity namely in rice and barley [149–151]. Importantly, the Oryza sativa Rac family OsRac1 forms a complex termed defensome with downstream proteins which regulate reactive oxygen intermediate (ROI) production, hypersensitive-like responses, lignin biosynthesis and phytoalexin accumulation as well as the transcription of pathogenesis-related genes [150,152]. Transgenic rice plants expressing the constitutively active OsRac1 exhibited HR-like responses and increased resistance both to a virulent race of the rice blast fungus and a virulent race of bacterial blight together with an enhancement of the production of the rice phytoalexin momilactone A (19- to 180-fold higher than the levels of untransformed rice plants) [150].…”

Section: Phytoalexin Accumulation In the Upregulation Of Defense-rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of Phytoalexin Biosynthesis in Engineered Plants for Disease Resistance

Jeandet

Clément

Courot

et al. 2013

IJMS

142

119

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Phytoalexins are antimicrobial substances of low molecular weight produced by plants in response to infection or stress, which form part of their active defense mechanisms. Starting in the 1950’s, research on phytoalexins has begun with biochemistry and bio-organic chemistry, resulting in the determination of their structure, their biological activity as well as mechanisms of their synthesis and their catabolism by microorganisms. Elucidation of the biosynthesis of numerous phytoalexins has permitted the use of molecular biology tools for the exploration of the genes encoding enzymes of their synthesis pathways and their regulators. Genetic manipulation of phytoalexins has been investigated to increase the disease resistance of plants. The first example of a disease resistance resulting from foreign phytoalexin expression in a novel plant has concerned a phytoalexin from grapevine which was transferred to tobacco. Transformations were then operated to investigate the potential of other phytoalexin biosynthetic genes to confer resistance to pathogens. Unexpectedly, engineering phytoalexins for disease resistance in plants seem to have been limited to exploiting only a few phytoalexin biosynthetic genes, especially those encoding stilbenes and some isoflavonoids. Research has rather focused on indirect approaches which allow modulation of the accumulation of phytoalexin employing transcriptional regulators or components of upstream regulatory pathways. Genetic approaches using gain- or less-of functions in phytoalexin engineering together with modulation of phytoalexin accumulation through molecular engineering of plant hormones and defense-related marker and elicitor genes have been reviewed.

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Section: Phytoalexin Accumulation In the Upregulation Of Defense-rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of Phytoalexin Biosynthesis in Engineered Plants for Disease Resistance

Jeandet

Clément

Courot

et al. 2013

IJMS

142

119

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“…Earlier studies have pointed out that light not only modulates the defence responses via its influence on biochemistry and plant development, but is also essential for the development of resistance [108]. For examples, light is necessary for development of the resistance responses to Pseudomonas solanacearum in tobacco ( Nicotiana tubacum ) [109], Xanthomonas oryzae in rice ( Oryza sativa ) [110], and Pseudomonas syringae and Peronospora parasitica in Arabidopsis [111,112]. There are also several examples of plant responses to isolated pathogenic elicitors that are light-dependent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative transcriptional profiling-based identification of raphanusanin-inducible genes

et al. 2010

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BackgroundRaphanusanin (Ra) is a light-induced growth inhibitor involved in the inhibition of hypocotyl growth in response to unilateral blue-light illumination in radish seedlings. Knowledge of the roles of Ra still remains elusive. To understand the roles of Ra and its functional coupling to light signalling, we constructed the Ra-induced gene library using the Suppression Subtractive Hybridisation (SSH) technique and present a comparative investigation of gene regulation in radish seedlings in response to short-term Ra and blue-light exposure.ResultsThe predicted gene ontology (GO) term revealed that 55% of the clones in the Ra-induced gene library were associated with genes involved in common defence mechanisms, including thirty four genes homologous to Arabidopsis genes implicated in R-gene-triggered resistance in the programmed cell death (PCD) pathway. Overall, the library was enriched with transporters, hydrolases, protein kinases, and signal transducers. The transcriptome analysis revealed that, among the fifty genes from various functional categories selected from 88 independent genes of the Ra-induced library, 44 genes were up-regulated and 4 were down-regulated. The comparative analysis showed that, among the transcriptional profiles of 33 highly Ra-inducible genes, 25 ESTs were commonly regulated by different intensities and duration of blue-light irradiation. The transcriptional profiles, coupled with the transcriptional regulation of early blue light, have provided the functional roles of many genes expected to be involved in the light-mediated defence mechanism.ConclusionsThis study is the first comprehensive survey of transcriptional regulation in response to Ra. The results described herein suggest a link between Ra and cellular defence and light signalling, and thereby contribute to further our understanding of how Ra is involved in light-mediated mechanisms of plant defence.

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“…Rice contains seven genes encoding Rac GTPases [79,80]. OsRac1, a small (~21 kDa) signaling G protein with GTPase activity, is involved in the immune response induced by the conserved microbial signature molecules, chitin and sphingolipid [81,82]. OsRac1 interacts directly with the NBS-LRR protein Pit and is required for Pit-mediated innate immunity to M. grisea [53].…”

Section: Signal Transduction Mediating Rice Innate Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Innate immunity in rice

Chen

Ronald

2011

Trends in Plant Science

139

119

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Advances in studies of rice innate immunity have led to the identification and characterization of host sensors encoding receptor kinases that perceive conserved microbial signatures. The non-RD domain, a newly recognized hallmark of these receptor kinases is highly expanded in rice (Oryza sativa) compared with Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Researchers have also identified a diverse array of microbial effectors from bacterial and fungal pathogens that triggers immune responses upon perception. These include both, effectors that indirectly target host Nucleotide binding site/Leucine rice repeat (NBS-LRR) proteins and transcription activator-like (TAL) effectors that directly bind promoters of host genes. Here we review the recognition and signaling events that govern rice innate immunity.

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Essential role of the small GTPase Rac in disease resistance of rice

Cited by 154 publications

References 34 publications

Modulation of Phytoalexin Biosynthesis in Engineered Plants for Disease Resistance

Modulation of Phytoalexin Biosynthesis in Engineered Plants for Disease Resistance

Comparative transcriptional profiling-based identification of raphanusanin-inducible genes

Innate immunity in rice

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