Establishing a National 3d Geo-Data Model for Building Data Compliant to Citygml: Case of Turkey

Abstract

This paper presents the generation of the 3D national building geo-data model of Turkey, which is compatible with the international OGC CityGML Encoding Standard. We prepare an ADE named CityGML-TRKBIS.BI that is produced by extending existing thematic modules of CityGML according to TRKBIS needs. All thematic data groups in TRKBIS geo-data model have been remodelled in order to generate the national large scale 3D geo-data model for Turkey. Specific attention has been paid to data groups that have different class structure according to related CityGML data themes such as building data model. Current 2D geo-information model for building data theme of Turkey (TRKBIS.BI) was established based on INSPIRE specifications for building (Core 2D and Extended 2D profiles), ISO/TC 211 standards and OGC web services. New version of TRKBIS.BI which is established according to semantic and geometric rules of CityGML will represent 2D-2.5D and 3D objects. After a short overview on generic approach, this paper describes extending CityGML building data theme according to TRKBIS.BI through several steps. First, building models of both standards were compared according to their data structure, classes and attributes. Second, CityGML building model was extended with respect to TRKBIS needs and CityGML-TRKBIS Building ADE was established in UML. This study provides new insights into 3D applications in Turkey. The generated 3D geo-data model for building thematic class will be used as a common exchange format that meets 2D, 2.5D and 3D implementation needs at national level.

Model-driven engineering city spaces via bidirectional model transformations

“…In addition, citybased analysis is being developed in all kinds of application scenarios; most notably, recent efforts have been on traffic noise analysis [35], photovoltaic potentiality analysis [7], urban emission measurements analysis [5] and ubiquitous robot networks management [60]. Official city datasets are increasing, with recent public effort from Turkey [9], Singapore [55] and Germany [71] among all.…”

Semantic 3D city interfaces—Intelligent interactions on dynamic geospatial knowledge graphs

“…As described by Chadzynski et al (2022), such systems, coupled with intelligent automation based on cognitive architecture (Kotseruba and Tsotsos, 2020), could aid efforts focused on finding answers to globally most pressing problems (United Nations Security Council, 2021) and existential threats (Ministry of the Environment and Water Resources, 2019). Both, the means and the ends, are recognized and agreed upon by the global governing bodies, such as the UN, G20, and the World Bank (Radermacher, 2020), as well as many individual countries around the world (Chiang, 2012; Ates Aydar et al, 2016; Al Kalbani and Abdul Rahman, 2021; OGC Asia Forum – ShowCases, 2021; Wysocki, 2021). There is also a recognition that, apart from the just mentioned capabilities as well as the capability to conduct complex multi-factor optimization scenarios at a city scale (Perera et al, 2021), urban modeling could serve as a tool for storytelling allowing decision makers to communicate the motivations behind policy implementations to wider audiences (Guhathakurta, 2002).…”

Assessment of 3D Geoportals of Cities According to CityGML Standard Guidelines

“…They are applied, among other areas, to 3D cadastre using BIM technology as a carrier of a considerable volume of data [9,[12][13][14][15]. A highly useful tool is ADE (Application Domain Extension), thanks to which the CityGML model can be expanded for the special needs of spatial modelling, including the threedimensional cadastre [16,17].…”