Establishing a predictive method for blast induced masonry debris distribution using experimental and numerical methods

Keys, Richard A.; Clubley, Simon K.

doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2017.07.017

Cited by 26 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Also, the peak pressures obtained from the selected gauges gradually decrease along with the wall height. The results are compatible with the arrival times of the blast waves or the scaled distances, as observed in previous studies [33,35,45]. On the other hand, it is seen that the peak pressures occur in different time steps at each selected gauges.…”

Section: Numerical Analysessupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Chen et al [33], Alsayed et al [34] experimentally studied various retrofitting techniques to improve blasting performance of masonry infill walls. Keys and Clubley [35] suggested a method to estimate the debris distribution of masonry structures using numerical and experimental tests that were performed with nine structures. Li et al [2] and Gu et al [36] carried out experimental and numerical studies on blasting responses of masonry walls exposed to gas explosions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental, numerical and analytical investigation on blast response of brick walls subjected to TNT explosive

Altunışık¹,

Önalan²,

Sunca³

2021

JSEAM

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Structural damage caused by terrorist attacks or explosions resulting from accidents is an essential crucial issue for civil engineering structures. After the explosion, heavy damage and total collapse occur in the structural carrier system, and these destructions can cause significant loss of life and property. This study aimed to determine the structural behavior of brick walls exposed to blast loading with different explosive weights using analytical, numerical, and experimental methods. The masonry brick walls were selected for the application and constructed in the allowed quarry area for experimental studies. 40g, 150g, and 290g of TNT, which are placed inner base center of brick walls, were used respectively to observe the progressive damage. The analytical blast responses, such as maximum pressure values etc., were calculated and predicted empirical formulas. The numerical blast responses were determined with Ansys Workbench and Autodyn software. At the end of the study, damage situations, pressures, displacement values, and energies are presented comparatively. It is observed from both experimental and numerical methods that 40g and 150g TNT explosives caused several damages on the wall. The wall collapsed on supporting points in 290g TNT explosives. It can be seen that the mean values of pressures and displacements increase respectively by three and six times, with the TNT explosive weight increasing from 40g to 290g. A good agreement is also found between the finite element results and empirical formulas proposed by Henrych and Sadovsky. However, inconsistent blasting responses are obtained with empirical formulas depending on the scaled distance.

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Section: Numerical Analysessupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental, numerical and analytical investigation on blast response of brick walls subjected to TNT explosive

Altunışık¹,

Önalan²,

Sunca³

2021

JSEAM

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“…Based on various theories, the initial conditions such as the incident velocity, incident angle and shape as well as the distance of the debris were predicted from the explosion of building by numerical analysis. In these studies, however, ricochet and rolling of debris were not considered to determine the debris ejection distance [18][19][20][21][22] . IBD research by building debris is also being studied through FEM [23][24][25] .…”

Section: Fem Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Ricochet of Spheres on Sand of Various Temperature

Kim

Choi

2018

Def. Sc. Jl.

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The debris generated by the explosion of a building or ammunition is flown far away through the ricochet phenomenon. The debris contains a very large amount of energy, and a risk factor surrounding it may be applied. The safety distance from debris is set from experiments or FEM analysis. The ricochet of debris is affected not only by the initial conditions of the debris, but also by the conditions of the medium. In this paper, the effect of sand temperature on the ricochet of sphere projectiles was investigated through experiments and FEM, by measuring the shear stress and internal friction angle when the sand temperature increases. As the temperature of the sand increases, the shear stress and the internal friction angle decrease, and the penetration depth of the projectile increases. As the depth of penetration becomes longer, the kinetic energy is lost more by the friction force with the sand and, the sphere projectile speed decreases more. This is mainly caused by the energy loss of the projectile, so the kinetic energy of the ricocheted projectile is reduced. Therefore, when setting the optimized inhabited building distance (IBD), the conditions of the medium should be taken into account.

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“…The initial conditions of the debris are also being studied using FEA with explosion theories. [22][23][24][25] Obtaining the exact initial conditions of debris makes it easier to set the safety distance of the debris. Therefore, the initial condition of the debris and safety distance was also studied.…”

Section: Ricochet Feamentioning

confidence: 99%

Ricochet of steel spheres on sand with varying water content

Kim

Choi

2014

Advances in Mechanical Engineering

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The explosion of a building generates plenty of debris that flies far away. The flying debris is hazardous because it contains large amounts of kinetic energy. Therefore, determining the safety distance from the debris is essential. However, debris ricochet that collides onto the ground affects the safety distance because the ricochet phenomenon is influenced by the condition of the medium. In this study, experiments and finite element analysis were performed to investigate the ricochet based on the water content of sand. From a direct shear test, the internal friction angle and cohesion of sand were obtained based on the water content. The effects of internal friction angle and adhesion on the yield stress and ricochet were investigated. The results indicated that as the water content increased, the internal friction angle increased and then decreased, and the cohesion continued to decrease. The yield stress was proportional to the internal friction angle and inversely proportional to adhesion. Therefore, lower yield stress resulted in deeper penetration of debris, leading to higher energy loss, which increased the kinetic energy loss factor. Thus, the condition of the medium should be considered for setting a proper safety distance suitable for the surrounding environment of the building.

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Establishing a predictive method for blast induced masonry debris distribution using experimental and numerical methods

Cited by 26 publications

References 20 publications

Experimental, numerical and analytical investigation on blast response of brick walls subjected to TNT explosive

Experimental, numerical and analytical investigation on blast response of brick walls subjected to TNT explosive

Ricochet of Spheres on Sand of Various Temperature

Ricochet of steel spheres on sand with varying water content

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