Establishment and Maintenance of a Heterochromatin Domain

Hall, Ira M.; Shankaranarayana, Gurumurthy D.; Noma, Ken Ichi; Ayoub, Nabieh; Cohen, Amnon; Grewal, Shiv I. S.

doi:10.1126/science.1076466

Cited by 831 publications

(787 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

741

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…RNAi machinery and repetitive elements in the centromeric region are required for establishment of heterochromatin domains in S. pombe, whereas the RNAi machinery is dispensable for its maintenance and inheritance [49]. This is consistent with a model in which heterochromatic domains are formed initially through the RNAi machinery guided by small RNAs.…”

Section: Dsrna and Heterochromatinsupporting

confidence: 87%

RNAi: an ever-growing puzzle

Denli

Hannon

2003

Trends in Biochemical Sciences

270

167

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Dsrna and Heterochromatinsupporting

confidence: 87%

RNAi: an ever-growing puzzle

Denli

Hannon

2003

Trends in Biochemical Sciences

270

167

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…IR-L and IR-R indicate boundary elements that surround the heterochromatin domain. cenH serves as an RNAi-dependent heterochromatin nucleation center (50). The black rectangle adjacent to mat3 represents the SRE.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A homolog of male sex-determining factor SRY cooperates with a transposon-derived CENP-B protein to control sex-specific directed recombination

Matsuda

Sugioka-Sugiyama

Mizuguchi

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Schizosaccharomyces pombe cells switch mating type by replacing genetic information at the expressed mat1 locus with sequences copied from mat2-P or mat3-M silent donor loci. The choice of donor locus is dictated by cell type, such that mat2 is the preferred donor in M cells and mat3 is the preferred donor in P cells. Donor choice involves a recombination-promoting complex (RPC) containing Swi2 and Swi5. In P cells, the RPC localizes to a specific DNA element located adjacent to mat3, but in M cells it spreads across the silent mating-type region, including mat2-P. This differential distribution of the RPC regulates nonrandom choice of donors. However, celltype-specific differences in RPC localization are not understood. Here we show that the mat1-M-encoded factor Mc, which shares structural and functional similarities with the male sex-determining factor SRY, is highly enriched at the swi2 and swi5 loci and promotes elevated levels of RPC components. Loss of Mc reduces Swi2 and Swi5 to levels comparable to those in P cells and disrupts RPC spreading across the mat2/3 region. Mc also localizes to loci expressed preferentially in M cells and to retrotransposon LTRs. We demonstrate that Mc localization at LTRs and at swi2 requires Abp1, a homolog of transposon-derived CENP-B protein and that loss of Abp1 impairs Swi2 protein expression and the donor choice mechanism. These results suggest that Mc modulates levels of recombination factors, which is important for mating-type donor selection and for the biased gene conversion observed during meiosis, where M cells serve as preferential donors of genetic information. (1) and mating-type switching in the yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe (2-5). In these distantly related yeast species, cells alternate between two distinct mating-type alleles by copying genetic information from one of the two silent donor loci to the active mating-type locus via highly orchestrated recombination processes (6-8).The mating-type region of S. pombe contains three linked locimat1, mat2, and mat3-located on chromosome 2. In wild-type homothallic strains, designated h 90 , mat2 is located ∼17 kb centromere-distal to mat1, whereas mat3 is separated from mat2 by an 11-kb interval ( Fig. 1) (8, 9). The mating type of a haploid cell is determined by the presence of P or M information at mat1 (8). Each allele consists of two divergently transcribed genes (10). mat1-P contains the Pc and Pi genes, and mat1-M contains the Mc and Mi genes. mat2 and mat3 contain the same genetic information as mat1-P and mat1-M, respectively, but are maintained in a silent state. These silent mating-type cassettes are embedded in a 20-kb heterochromatin domain surrounded by inverted repeat (IR-R and IR-

show abstract

“…), nematode (C. elegans), fly (Drosophila melanogaster), mouse, and human. These native miRNAs are usually involved in defense against viral infections and regulation of gene expression during development [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. In contrast, native siRNAs are mainly demonstrated in plants and low-level animals (worms and flies) and their prevalence in mammals remains to be established [10].…”

Section: Rnai Interference (Rnai)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Current perspectives in intronic micro RNAs (miRNAs)

Ying

Lin

2005

J Biomed Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryMicroRNAs (miRNAs), small single-stranded regulatory RNAs capable of interfering with intracellular messenger RNAs (mRNAs) that contain either complete or partial complementarity, are useful for the design of new therapies against cancer polymorphism and viral mutation. Numerous miRNAs have been reported to induce RNA interference (RNAi), a post-transcriptional gene silencing mechanism. Intronic miRNAs, derived from introns by RNA splicing and Dicer processing, can interfere with intracellular mRNAs to silence that gene expression. The intronic miRNAs differ uniquely from previously described intergenic miRNAs in the requirement of type II RNA polymerases (Pol-II) and spliceosomal components for its biogenesis. Several kinds of intronic miRNAs have been identified in Caenorhabditis elegans, mouse and human cells; however, neither their function nor application has been reported. To this day, the computer searching program for miRNA seldom include the intronic portion of protein-coding RNAs. The functional significance of artificially generated intronic miRNAs has been successfully ascertained in several biological systems such as zebrafishes, chicken embryos and adult mice, indicating the evolutionary preservation of this gene regulation system in vivo. Multiple miRNAs can be generated from the same cluster of introns; however, non-homologous miRNAs may have different targets and functions while homologous miRNA may be derived from different intronic clusters. Taken together, the model of intronic miRNAmediated transgenic animals provides a tool to investigate the mechanism of miRNA-associated diseases in vivo and will shed light on miRNA-related therapies.

show abstract

Establishment and Maintenance of a Heterochromatin Domain

Cited by 831 publications

References 34 publications

RNAi: an ever-growing puzzle

RNAi: an ever-growing puzzle

A homolog of male sex-determining factor SRY cooperates with a transposon-derived CENP-B protein to control sex-specific directed recombination

Current perspectives in intronic micro RNAs (miRNAs)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About