Establishment of a Primary Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma Cell Line

Bagriacik, Emin Umit; Baykaner, M. Kemali; Yaman, Melek; Sivrikaya, Gizem; Durdağ, Emre; Emmez, Hakan; Fincan, Gökçe Öztürk; Börcek, Alp Özgün; Seçen, Ahmet Eren; Ercan, Sevim

doi:10.1227/neu.0b013e3182262c5b

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Although based in a very small number of cases, the authors discussed the limited role of temozolomide treatment for PXA-AF, which only infrequently harbors MGMT promoter methylation. Of note, primary cell cultures obtained from a recurrent PXA-AF were treated with five chemotherapeutic drugs, of which, temozolomide was the most effective in reducing tumor cell viability in vitro (4). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma: Natural History and Long‐Term Follow‐Up

et al. 2014

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Prognostic significance of histological anaplasia and BRAF V600E mutation were retrospectively evaluated in 74 patients with pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA). Median age at diagnosis was 21.5 years (31 pediatric, 43 adult) and median follow-up 7.6 years. Anaplasia (PXA-AF), defined as mitotic index ≥ 5/10HPF and/or presence of necrosis, was present in 33 cases. BRAF V600E mutation was detected in 39 (of 60) cases by immunohistochemical and/or molecular analysis, all negative for IDH1 (R132H). Mitotic index ≥ 5/ 10HPF and necrosis were associated with decreased overall survival (OS; P = 0.0005 and P = 0.0002, respectively). In all cases except two, necrosis was associated with mitotic index ≥ 5/10HPF. Patients with BRAF V600E mutant tumors had significantly longer OS compared with those without BRAF V600E mutation (P = 0.02). PXA-AF patients, regardless of age, had significantly shorter OS compared with those without (P = 0.0003). Recurrence-free survival was significantly shorter for adult PXA-AF patients (P = 0.047) only. Patients who either recurred or died ≤3 years from diagnosis were more likely to have had either PXA-AF at first diagnosis (P = 0.008) or undergone a non-gross total resection procedure (P = 0.004) as compared with patients who did not. This study provides further evidence that PXA-AF behaves more aggressively than PXA and may qualify for WHO grade III “anaplastic” designation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma: Natural History and Long‐Term Follow‐Up

et al. 2014

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“…PXA can show features of high grade and depending on histological features PXA is divided into typical, proliferating and malignant. 23 Histologically, the hallmark feature of all these tumors is the glial cells containing fat droplets coalescing into one large droplet. GFAP positivity of tumor by immunohistochemistry clinches the diagnosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PXA can show features of high grade and depending on histological features PXA is divided into typical, proliferating and malignant. 23…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinicopathological and imaging features of lipoastrocytoma: Case report

et al. 2017

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Lipidized tumors of the central nervous system are very uncommon, with only a few cases described. We report a case of a 25-year-old woman with a tumor involving the left premotor area. She underwent gross total excision. Histologically, the tumor was composed of glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive glial cells with areas of lipidization. A diagnosis of lipoastrocytoma was rendered. At three-year follow-up she was doing well, supporting the presumed favorable prognosis of these uncommon tumors. Absence of xanthochromic appearance, mitotic activity, necrosis and poor reticulin activity are the differentiating features from the pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma. We highlighted that these tumors involve the adult and pediatric population and distribute in both supratentorial and infratentorial compartments as well as in the spinal cord.

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“…Initial steps toward utilization of patient material for drug testing have been demonstrated by the field of oncology through culturing human tumor biopsies and testing for sensitivity to various chemotherapeutic agents. 22, 23, 24, 25 Indeed, development of many such anticancer agents has resulted from cell culture studies that provide easily interpretable readouts of proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. 26 Unlike cancer cells, biopsy of many human cell types is potentially harmful to the patient or difficult to culture, particularly those of the nervous system, further impeding studies of the pathophysiology of disease, drug discovery and development of patient-specific treatment.…”

Section: Introduction: Pharmacologic Use and Discovery In Neuropsychimentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications and limitations of cellular reprogramming for psychiatric drug development

et al. 2013

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Human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) derived from somatic cells of patients have opened possibilities for in vitro modeling of the physiology of neural (and other) cells in psychiatric disease states. Issues in early stages of technology development include (1) establishing a library of cells from adequately phenotyped patients, (2) streamlining laborious, costly hiPSC derivation and characterization, (3) assessing whether mutations or other alterations introduced by reprogramming confound interpretation, (4) developing efficient differentiation strategies to relevant cell types, (5) identifying discernible cellular phenotypes meaningful for cyclic, stress induced or relapsing–remitting diseases, (6) converting phenotypes to screening assays suitable for genome-wide mechanistic studies or large collection compound testing and (7) controlling for variability in relation to disease specificity amidst low sample numbers. Coordination of material for reprogramming from patients well-characterized clinically, genetically and with neuroimaging are beginning, and initial studies have begun to identify cellular phenotypes. Finally, several psychiatric drugs have been found to alter reprogramming efficiency in vitro, suggesting further complexity in applying hiPSCs to psychiatric diseases or that some drugs influence neural differentiation moreso than generally recognized. Despite these challenges, studies utilizing hiPSCs may eventually serve to fill essential niches in the translational pipeline for the discovery of new therapeutics.

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Establishment of a Primary Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma Cell Line

Abstract: Primary cell cultures of surgically removed tumor tissues may be useful in studies of cancer biology and chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity for recurrent malignant brain tumors, particularly for anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma.

Cited by 10 publications

References 37 publications

Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma: Natural History and Long‐Term Follow‐Up

Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma: Natural History and Long‐Term Follow‐Up

Clinicopathological and imaging features of lipoastrocytoma: Case report

Implications and limitations of cellular reprogramming for psychiatric drug development

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