Esterification of oleic acid and high acid content palm oil over an acid-activated bentonite catalyst

Jeenpadiphat, Sirima; Tungasmita, Duangamol Nuntasri

doi:10.1016/j.clay.2013.11.025

Cited by 38 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Moreover, the synthesized SO 3 H-MWCNTs had very lower surface area (92.37 vs. 230 m 2 /g, respecively) and pore volume (0.25 vs. 0.76 cm 3 /g, respectiely) making it a less efficient catalyst. The acid-activated bentonite produced herein showed about 62% higher surface area than that prepared by Jeenpadiphat and Tungasmita (2014). Both catalysts prepared in the current study, especially SO 3 H-MWCNTs, could decrease mass transfer limitation due to their high surface area.…”

Section: Impacts Of the Synthesized Catalysts On Ffa Conversionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Clay, particularly bentonites (clay mineral with different colors) are very popular in various industries (Christidis, 2013). Bentonite, has been applied as adsorbent, bleaching earth, and catalyst, as well as in eutrophication management and remediation of pollutions (Önal, 2006;Jeenpadiphat and Tungasmita, 2014;Copetti et al, 2016;El Korashy et al, 2016;Rezende and Pinto, 2016). Smectites are major clay minerals in bentonite with a 2:1 structure, or in another word, two silica tetrahedral sheets sandwich, an aluminum octahedral sheet or, a three-layer structure in which an aluminum octahedral sheet is located between two silica tetrahedral sheets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential of Acid-Activated Bentonite and SO3H-Functionalized MWCNTs for Biodiesel Production From Residual Olive Oil Under Biorefinery Scheme

et al. 2018

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Application of acid-activated bentonite and SO 3 H-functionlized multiwall carbon nanotubes (SO 3 H-MWCNTs) for lowering free fatty acids (FFAs) content of low-quality residual olive oil, prior to alkali-catalyzed transesterification was investigated. The used bentonite was first characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Inductively Coupled Plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and was subsequently activated by different concentrations of H 2 SO 4 (3, 5, and 10 N). Specific surface area of the original bentonite was measured by Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) method at 45 m 2 /g and was best improved after 5 N-acid activation (95-98 • C, 2 h) reaching 68 m 2 /g. MWCNTs was synthesized through methane decomposition (Co-Mo/MgO catalyst, 900 • C) during the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. After two acid-purification (HCl, HNO 3 ) and two deionized-water-neutralization steps, SO 3 H was grafted on MWCNTs (concentrated H 2 SO 4 , 110 • C for 3 h) and again neutralized with deionized water and then dried. The synthesized SO 3 H-MWCNTs were analyzed using Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The activated bentonite and SO 3 H-MWCNTs were utilized (5 wt.% and 3 wt.%, respectively), as solid catalysts in esterification reaction (62 • C, 450 rpm; 15:1 and 12:1 methanol-to-oil molar ratio, 27 h and 8 h, respectively), to convert FFAs to their corresponding methyl esters. The results obtained revealed an FFA to methyl ester conversion of about 67% for the activated bentonite and 65% for the SO 3 H-MWCNTs. More specifically, the acid value of the residual olive oil was decreased significantly from 2.5 to 0.85 and 0.89 mg KOH/g using activated bentonite and SO 3 H-MWCNTs, respectively. The total FFAs in the residual olive oil after esterification was below 0.5%, Rahimzadeh et al.Economic Solid-Catalysts for Biodiesel Production which was appropriate for efficient alkaline-transesterification reaction. Both catalysts can effectively pretreat low-quality oil feedstock for sustainable biodiesel production under a biorefinery scheme. Overall, the acid-activate bentonite was found more convenient, cost-effective, and environment-friendly than the SO 3 H-MWCNTs.

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Section: Impacts Of the Synthesized Catalysts On Ffa Conversionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Acid-Activated Bentonite and SO3H-Functionalized MWCNTs for Biodiesel Production From Residual Olive Oil Under Biorefinery Scheme

et al. 2018

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“…Identification of non-halal components in various products has been widely carried out, both by physical-chemical methods and by molecular biological methods. Analysis of lard and beef fat has been carried out using pancreatic lipase six enzymes to produce 2-monoglycerides [6]. Identification of pork in meat products is made by real-time polymerase chain reaction [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porcine-specific Primer based on Cytochrome B by Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Method for Identification in Raw Meat

Salamah¹,

Erwanto²,

Martono³

et al. 2019

Proceedings of the 2019 Ahmad Dahlan International Conference Series on Pharmacy and Health Science (ADICS-PHS 2019)

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Pork is a type of meat that is often used for counterfeiting products with a composition of beef. This counterfeiting can provide large profits to producers, given the price of pork is far below the price of beef. So we need specific methods to ensure the halal product. The purpose of this study was to obtain a method for identification of pork using real-time PCR instruments. The validation parameters of the PCR realtime method include sensitivity test, linearity test, determination of detection limit and repeatability test. Specific pig primers designed with the NCBI and Primer-BLAST software (5 '-CGGAACAGACCTCGTAGAATG-3' (forward) and 5 '-GGTAATGATGAATGGCAGGATAAAG-3' (reverse) can amplify pig mitochondrial DNA Cytochrome with annealing temperature of 53.20C. Primary specificity is shown by Melting Curve Analysis (MCA) characterized by the appearance of a peak at the melting peak. Specificity testing was done on 4 DNA isolates of fresh meat (pork, chicken, beef, dog) and negative control. The results of the sensitivity test on fresh meat produced an efficiency value (E) of 417.4% and an R-value of 0.908. In the repeatability test, the Coefficient Variation (CV) value of fresh dog meat DNA isolates concentration of 50 ng / µL was 0.57%.

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“…Since the initial studies conducted by the discovery of polyurethane [PU] in 1937 by Otto Bayer and his coworkers at the laboratories of I.G. Farben in Leverkusen, Germany [11], a new generation of sustainable polyols has just been born. PU is obtained by the reaction of an oligomeric polyol and a diisocyanate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of polyurethane/clay nanocomposites based palm oil polyol coating

Rihayat¹,

Suryani²,

Agusnar³

et al. 2015

J. Mech. Eng. Sci.

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In this study, we investigated the Polyurethane paint based on palm oil with the addition of nanoparticles montmorillonite as a heat-resistant. The composites with 1 wt%, 3 wt% and 5 wt% of bentonite filler content obtained by synthesizing in situ were investigated and compared to the neat polyurethane matrix material. The processing of bentonite for montmorillonite was done through several stages including: sedimentation, ultrasonication, dried, sieved with a 200 mesh sieve, then characterized. Untreated MMT were isolated and modified with CTAB. The addition of MMT into polyurethane, as much as 5% wt, can increase the heat as evidenced by the TGA test. The TGA results indicated an enhanced thermal stability, as compared to the neat polyurethane. The onset degradation of neat polyurethane and weight reduction began at a temperature of 50-150°C and completely decomposed at the temperatures of 380°C and for PU MKS-MMT reduction, the initial weight started at a temperature of 150-200°C in 5 %wt and decomposed in the end at a temperature of 490°C. In this research, we also tested the gloss adhesive polyurethane with the addition of MMT; the result stated that the addition of 5%wt MMT can improve the adhesion of polyurethane. The addition of MMT in polyurethane can also enhance the gloss polyurethane compared with polyurethane coated without the addition of MMT.

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Esterification of oleic acid and high acid content palm oil over an acid-activated bentonite catalyst

Cited by 38 publications

References 24 publications

Potential of Acid-Activated Bentonite and SO3H-Functionalized MWCNTs for Biodiesel Production From Residual Olive Oil Under Biorefinery Scheme

Potential of Acid-Activated Bentonite and SO3H-Functionalized MWCNTs for Biodiesel Production From Residual Olive Oil Under Biorefinery Scheme

Porcine-specific Primer based on Cytochrome B by Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Method for Identification in Raw Meat

Synthesis of polyurethane/clay nanocomposites based palm oil polyol coating

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