Estimated the radiation hazard indices and ingestion effective dose in wheat flour samples of Iraq markets

Abstract

In this research, Uranium ( 238 U), Thorium ( 232 Th) and Potassium ( 40 K) specific activity in (Bq/kg) were measured in (12) different types of wheat flours that are available in Iraqi markets. The gamma spectrometry method with a NaI(Tl) detector has been used for radiometric measurements. Also in this study we have calculated the radiation hazard indices (radium equivalent activity and internal hazard index) and Ingestion effective dose in all samples. It is found that the specific activity in wheat flour samples were varied from (1.086 ± 0.0866) Bq/kg to (12.532 ± 2.026) Bq/kg, for

Measurement of the Radioactivity Levels for Some Food Products Imported to Iraq and Estimation of the Risk to Consumers

“…The findings presented in current study suggest that there is no discernible increase in radiation doses or excess fatal cancer risk from ingestion of imported food in Iraq investigated in current study. The findings presented in current study are consistent with the findings presented in previous studies, which confirm that the radiological impact of radionuclides ingestion in local or imported food in Iraq is insignificant (2,3,5) .…”

“…A mass of 0.5 kg of each sample was placed in a plastic Marnili beaker. The plastic Marnili beakers were hermetically sealed with adhesive tape for 30 days to attain secular equilibrium between 226 Ra and its decay products (2) . Radioactivity levels in imported food samples were measured in February 2020 using a gamma-ray spectrometry system, which includes a multichannel analyzer equipped with high purity GeLi(Tl) detector (efficiency 30%).…”

“…The presence of radionuclides in food may be as a result of direct deposition from the atmosphere onto crops, root uptake from the soil, or transfer through aquatic pathways. Hence, international efforts were brought together collaboratively to apply adequate procedures in investigating radionuclides in food and to set essential guidelines to protect against high levels of internal exposure that may be caused by food consumption (2) . The aim of this study is to investigate radioactivity levels for some types of food products imported to Iraq, in addition to locally produced food and estimation of the potential radiation dose and risk to consumers.…”

Mapping of natural radioactivity in soil samples of Badra oil field project using GIS program

“…Gamma radiation, emitted from these naturally occurring radionuclides, represents the main external source of irradiation of the human body, while the internal exposure is due to inhalation of radon gas and its short-lived decay products. The average specific activity of 238 U, 232 Th and 40 K is 30, 33 and 400 Bq/kg, respectively [7]. The natural environmental radioactivity resulted from gammaradiation relies principally on geological conditions, and they disperse at varied levels of radionuclides in the soils and sediments of the world [8].…”

NORM in Instant Noodles (Indomie) Sold in Iraq

“…Therefore, the establishment of radioisotope concentrations will prove meaningful information that contribute to realize the population exposure and to the setting up of original base data, IAEA [5]. Moreover, numerous studies were conducted worldwide to investigate natural radionuclides in consumed food at different parts of the world [6][7][8][9]. Instant noodles played a pivotal role in addressing food issues, especially when the world population is anticipated to reach 10 billion by 2050 because it is cheap, tasty, storable and easy to cook [10], therefore studied Instant noodles in all scientific research such as natural radioactivity is important.…”