Estimates of heterozygosity in two social insects using a large number of electrophoretic markers

Shoemaker, DeWayne; Costa, James; Ross, Kenneth G.

doi:10.1038/hdy.1992.173

Cited by 63 publications

(47 citation statements)

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“…Mendelian inheritance of their products (Shoemaker et al, 1992). Data from Pgm-3 were not included in analyses of the P sites or comparisons between the social forms because this locus is affected by selection in polygyne S. invicta (Ross, 1992).…”

Section: Assessment Of Al/ozyme Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1). Monogyny was confirmed in each M nest by examining the genotypes of at least eight nest-mates at five polymorphic allozyme loci to ensure the presence of genotype distributions expected in colonies headed by a single monandrous queen (Shoemaker et a!., 1992). Wingless queens from P nests and winged queens from M flests were the sources of protein and DNA used to score allozyme genotypes and mtDNA haplotypes.…”

Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nuclear and mitochondrial genetic structure in two social forms of the fire ant Solenopsis invicta: insights into transitions to an alternate social organization

1997

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We describe genetic structure at microgeographical scales in two social forms of the introduced fire ant Solenopsis invicta using nuclear and mitochondrial markers. Fire ant populations in northern Georgia, U.S.A. are structured in fundamentally different ways at the two genomes. Virtually all nuclear genetic variation resides within sampling sites; no differentiation was apparent between the social forms and only minimal differentiation was found among sites in only one social form (the polygyne form, which has nests with numerous queens). In contrast, substantial mtDNA variation exists at all levels; the forms are significantly differentiated and strong divergence was detected among sites in the polygyne form. No mtDNA differentiation was found among sites in the monogyne form (which has nests with a single queen), These results are predicted on the basis of the social biology of the ants. Monogyne queens and males of both forms presumably disperse widely, and polygyne queens commonly mate with monogyne males, thus explaining the uniformity of nuclear allele frequencies across sampling sites and between the forms. Polygyne queens display habits consistent with limited dispersal, and queens of both forms seem unable to establish themselves as reproductives in nests of the alternate form, thus explaining the strong microgeographical structure within the polygyne form and differentiation between the forms found using mtDNA markers. The mtDNA haplotypes are distributed among sites in a manner that suggests a mechanism for the spread of polygyny in introduced fire ants. Monogyne queens apparently mate occasionally with polygyne males and acquire a Mendelian nuclear factor allowing the expression of polygyny in their sexual daughters.

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Section: Assessment Of Al/ozyme Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear and mitochondrial genetic structure in two social forms of the fire ant Solenopsis invicta: insights into transitions to an alternate social organization

1997

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“…The mating status of queens was determined by examining their spermathecae; sperm in mated queens appeared as an opaque, whitish mass. Finally, the genotypes of all collected individuals were determined at Pgm-3 and Gp-9 using standard starch gel electrophoresis (Shoemaker et al 1992;Ross 1997). …”

Section: Sampling Of Ants and Scoring Of Genotypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Formal Assessment of Gene Flow and Selection in the Fire Ant Solenopsis Invicta

2000

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Abstract. Recent studies of the introduced fire ant Solenopsis invicta suggest that introduced polygyne (with multiple queens per nest) populations are strongly influenced by male-mediated gene flow from neighboring monogyne (single queen per nest) populations and selection acting on a single locus, general . This investigation formally tests this hypothesis and determines if these processes can account for the genotypic structure of polygyne S. invicta. To increase the statistical power of this test, we considered the genotypes of polygyne queens and workers at both Gp-9 and the closely linked, selectively neutral locus Pgm-3. We then constructed and analyzed a novel mathematical model to delimit the effects of monogyne male gene flow and selection on the joint genotypes at the Pgm-3/Gp-9 superlocus. Using this framework, a hierarchical maximum-likelihood method was developed to estimate the bestfitting gene flow and selection parameters based on the fit of our model to data from both the current study and an earlier one of the same population. In each case, selection on polygyne queens and workers alone, with no monogyne male gene flow, provides the most parsimonious explanation for the observed genotype frequencies. The apparent discrepancy between this result and the empirical evidence for monogyne male gene flow indicates that undocumented factors, such as other forms of selection in polygyne males or workers, are operating in introduced polygyne S. invicta.Key words. Fire ants, gene flow, isozymes, migration-selection balance, population structure, selection, Solenopsis invicta.Received March 2, 1999. Accepted September 1, 1999.Gene flow and selection are fundamental evolutionary processes that may act jointly to shape patterns of genetic variation within populations. For example, selection against deleterious alleles may reduce variation, whereas gene flow from nearby populations may act in opposition to such selection by reintroducing unfit alleles (May et al. 1975;Felsenstein 1976;Endler 1977;Barton and Hewitt 1985;Slatkin 1985;Barton and Clark 1990). Several studies have reported such a migration-selection balance within species (McNeilly 1968;Livingstone 1969;Jones et al. 1977;Turner 1977;Jones 1982;Riechert 1993;King and Lawson 1995;Chevillon et al. 1998). One well-studied case is found in introduced populations of the fire ant Solenopsis invicta in the United States, where it was thought that a recessive deleterious allele at the locus phosphoglucomutase-3 (Pgm-3) was maintained at high frequency in one social form by gene flow from neighboring populations of the alternate social form (Ross 1992;Ross and Shoemaker 1993;Ross and Keller 1995).The role of Pgm-3, however, was recently challenged by the discovery of the diallelic locus general protein-9 (Gp-9), which is tightly linked (r ϭ 0.0016) to Pgm-3 and apparently under strong selection in S. invicta. In monogyne (with a single queen per nest) populations, all females are genotype Gp-9 BB , and so the monogyne form is fixed for the Gp-9 B allele. ...

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“…For the purpose of comparing these data with those previously reported in the literature, Table 4 presents an average value of the mean heterozygosity for Hymenoptera (Metcalf et al, 1975;Wagner and Briscoe, 1983;Crespi, 1991;Owen et al, 1992;Shoemaker et al, 1992; and unpublished data of our laboratory) and for Symphyta (Graur, 1985;Sheppard and Heydon, 1986;Woods and Guttman, 1987;Rosenmeier and Packer, 1993;Boato and Battisti, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Populational genetic structure and sociogenetic structure of cocoon masses of Digelasinus diversipes (Kirby, 1882) (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Argidae)

Boraschi

Lama

2004

Genet. Mol. Biol.

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Gene variation and population genetic structure of the Neotropical sawfly Digelasinus diversipes were measured by allozyme analyses using starch gel electrophoresis. Cocoon masses were collected in Eugenia glazioviana (Myrtaceae) stems, in two areas of the "Estação Ecológica Jataí" (Luiz Antônio, SP, Brazil -21°25' S, 47°50' W), in 2000 and 2001. The average heterozygosity observed in this species (H obs = 0.094 ± 0.025) was not significantly different from other Symphyta groups; it was, however, significantly higher than in other Hymenoptera populations. No significant levels of inbreeding were found (F IS = 0.062; χ 2 = 29.9; p > 0.05), but the population was subdivided (F ST = 0.070; χ 2 = 458.9; p < 0.05), suggesting the absence of a significant gene flow among the samples studied, due to limited dispersion ability. The low relatedness coefficients found (ranging from 0.23 ± 0.09 to 0.44 ± 0.10) suggest that larvae from different ovipositions associate to construct the cocoon masses.

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Estimates of heterozygosity in two social insects using a large number of electrophoretic markers

Cited by 63 publications

References 44 publications

Nuclear and mitochondrial genetic structure in two social forms of the fire ant Solenopsis invicta: insights into transitions to an alternate social organization

Nuclear and mitochondrial genetic structure in two social forms of the fire ant Solenopsis invicta: insights into transitions to an alternate social organization

A Formal Assessment of Gene Flow and Selection in the Fire Ant Solenopsis Invicta

Populational genetic structure and sociogenetic structure of cocoon masses of Digelasinus diversipes (Kirby, 1882) (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Argidae)

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