Estimation of genetic parameters for temperament in Jeju crossbred horses

Kim, Nam Young; Son, Jun-Kyu; Cho, In Cheol; Shin, Sang Min; Park, Seol Hwa; Seong, Pil‐Nam; Woo, Jae Hoon; Park, Nam Geon; Park, Hee Bok

doi:10.5713/ajas.17.0252

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Therefore, the Jeju crossbreds may have attenuated the vigilant traits in Thoroughbreds, which was identified in the present study. Kim et al revealed that the gentleness, patience, and aggressiveness, patience, and aggressiveness had moderate heritabilities, and that sensitivity had a high heritability in the temperament of Jeju crossbred horses [ 10 ]. So, selected breeding for appropriate temperament would be effective for optimal utility in this breed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Jeju (a native Korean pony) crossbred horse (Jeju horse × Thoroughbred), which is one of the subject horse breeds, several reports explored the genetic basis of temperament, with the estimation of genetic parameters, and genetic correlations between temperament traits [ 9 , 10 ]. However, relationships between behavior, physiological responses, and temperament, have not been studied in this breed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Behavioral and cardiac responses in mature horses exposed to a novel object

et al. 2021

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This study aimed to investigate whether breed, sex, and age affected temperament differently (more or less neophobic) in mature horses during a novel object test. The study included Jeju crossbred (n = 12, age = 9.42 ± 4.57 y), Thoroughbred (n = 15, age = 10.73 ± 3.09 y), and Warmblood horses (n = 12, age = 13.08 ± 3.55 y) with the females (n = 22, age = 11.36 ± 4.24 y) and geldings (n = 17, age = 10.65 ± 3.66 y). Jeju crossbreds (Jeju horse × Thoroughbred) are valuable considering their popular usage in South Korea, but limited studies have explored temperament of Jeju crossbred horses. A trained experimenter touched the left side of the neck with a white plastic bag (novel object). The test ended when the horse stopped escape response and heart rate dropped to baseline. Behavioral score and escape duration were measured as behavioral variables. Multiple variables related to heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) were measured to reflect emotional state. These included basal HR (BHR), maximum HR (MHR), delay to reach maximum heart rate (Time to MHR), standard deviation of beat-to-beat intervals (SDNN), root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD), and ratio of low to high frequency components of a continuous series of heartbeats (LF/HF). Statistics revealed that Thoroughbreds had significantly higher behavioral scores, and lower RMSSD than Jeju crossbreds (p < 0.05), suggesting greater excitement and fear to the novel object in Thoroughbreds. None of the behavioral or cardiac parameters exhibited sex differences (p < 0.05). Age was negatively correlated with SDNN and RMSSD (p < 0.05), indicating that older horses felt more anxiety to the novelty than younger horses. Thoroughbreds and females had distinct correlations between behavioral and HRV variables in comparison with other groups (p < 0.05), implying that escape duration might be a good indicator of stress, especially in these two groups. These results are expected to improve equine welfare, safety and utility, by providing insights into the temperament of particular horse groups, to better match reactivity levels with specific functions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral and cardiac responses in mature horses exposed to a novel object

et al. 2021

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“…The JH, which is found only in the Jeju island of Korea, is a small-sized hardy horse (Supplemental Figure S1). On average, it has a wither height of ~122 cm, which is shorter than those of the average MH (~140 cm), PZ (~148 cm), and TB horses (~154 cm) 6,7,11,16–18 . JH are gentle, hardy, and of a healthy constitution, and are resistant to diseases and stress derived from the harsh environment they live in 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Comprehensive genome and transcriptome analyses reveal genetic relationship, selection signature, and transcriptome landscape of small-sized Korean native Jeju horse

Srikanth

Kim

Park

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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The Jeju horse, indigenous to the Jeju Island in Korea may have originated from Mongolian horses. Adaptations to the local harsh environment have conferred Jeju horse with unique traits such as small-sized body, stocky head, and shorter limbs. These characteristics have not been studied previously at the genomic level. Therefore, we sequenced and compared the genome of 41 horses belonging to 6 breeds. We identified numerous breed-specific non-synonymous SNPs and loss-of-function mutants. Demographic and admixture analyses showed that, though Jeju horse is genetically the closest to the Mongolian breeds, its genetic ancestry is independent of that of the Mongolian breeds. Genome wide selection signature analysis revealed that genes such as LCORL, MSTN, HMGA2, ZFAT, LASP1, PDK4, and ACTN2, were positively selected in the Jeju horse. RNAseq analysis showed that several of these genes were also differentially expressed in Jeju horse compared to Thoroughbred horse. Comparative muscle fiber analysis showed that, the type I muscle fibre content was substantially higher in Jeju horse compared to Thoroughbred horse. Our results provide insights about the selection of complex phenotypic traits in the small-sized Jeju horse and the novel SNPs identified will aid in designing high-density SNP chip for studying other native horse breeds.

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“…Temperament may have been selected divergently between breeds (even indirectly), and this fact may have altered the distribution of the number of facial whorls of the different breeds/populations, with consequent changes in the variance components [ 27 ]. Breed is known to have a great influence on horse behavior [ 65 ], and behavioral and temperament traits in horses have low to moderate heritability [ 65 , 66 , 67 ]. Thus, hair whorl traits could potentially be used for indirect temperament selection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic and Genetic Study of the Presence of Hair Whorls in Pura Raza Español Horses

Encina,

Ligero,

Sánchez-Guerrero

et al. 2023

Animals

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Hair whorls are a hereditary feature in horses that may be associated with temperament and coat color. Hair whorls are described as changes in the hair pattern and may take various forms, such as circular and linear whorls. We first carried out a frequency analysis of hair whorls (circular and linear). Next, a Generalized Non-Linear Model was computed to assess the significance of some potential influencing factors, and a genetic parameter estimation was performed. ENDOG software v4.8 was used to estimate the inbreeding coefficient of all the animals analyzed. It was more common to find horses with circular hair whorls than with linear whorls. The heritability ranges obtained were, in general, medium-high for both circular whorls (0.20 to 0.90) and linear whorls (0.44 to 0.84). High positive correlations were found on the between left and right positions, indicating a tendency to symmetry in certain locations. The laterality of hair whorls was also evidenced, with the biggest concentration on the left-hand side, particularly in gray horses, showing circular whorls below the central line of eyes, which has been associated in a previous paper with a calmer and more docile temperament.

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Estimation of genetic parameters for temperament in Jeju crossbred horses

Cited by 9 publications

References 12 publications

Behavioral and cardiac responses in mature horses exposed to a novel object

Behavioral and cardiac responses in mature horses exposed to a novel object

Comprehensive genome and transcriptome analyses reveal genetic relationship, selection signature, and transcriptome landscape of small-sized Korean native Jeju horse

Phenotypic and Genetic Study of the Presence of Hair Whorls in Pura Raza Español Horses

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