Estimation of the Gene Pool State of the Western Race of Siberian Larch (Larix sibirica Ledeb.) in Urals on the Basis of Microsatelite Markers Polymorphism

Abstract

Based on the analysis of the polymorphism of two types of microsatellite markers (ISSR and SSR), the state of gene pools of the fifteen of Siberian larch populations from three regions of the Urals: Northern, Middle and Southern was estimated. The parameters of genetic diversity were revealed, its structure was established at the intrapopulation level. To assess the uniqueness of the gene pool, we used the coefficient of genetic originality (KGO), the analysis of which revealed populations with typical and region-specific gene pools. It was established that the studied samples are generally characterized by a high level of genetic diversity. It was found that the gene pools of samples from the South Urals are characterized by the greatest specificity, the lowest values of KGO, i. e. more typical gene pools, are noted in the North Urals samples of L. sibirica, the average values of KGO are from the samples of the Middle Urals. Also, 3 unique alleles were found in the ZIL, BND, and KCH samples, in the rest, no unique markers were detected. For a comprehensive assessment of the state of the gene pools of populations, all established indicators of genetic diversity have been transferred to the scale for assessing the status of gene pools developed on the example of the studied L. sibirica populations. Based on data on genetic diversity obtained using two types of molecular markers, it was found that the gene pools of ten studied L. sibirica populations are in satisfactory condition, and five have signs of gene pool degradation. Based on the results of the study, recommendations are made on the conservation of L. sibirica genetic resources in the Urals.

Genetic Structure and Geographical Differentiation of Larix sibirica Ledeb. in the Urals

“…The spatial genetic structure of populations is also largely determined by the history of the formation of the species' range [37][38][39]. Thus, currently the genetic diversity and structure of the Ural populations of L. sibirica has been relatively well studied only on the basis of polymorphisms of isozyme markers [36] and with inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers [40,41]. Genetic polymorphisms of other types of molecular markers of species of the genus Larix in the Urals, also including microsatellite markers, has been studied fragmentarily and the data obtained are insufficient for comprehensive assessment of the genetic structure and differentiation of the species in this region.…”

“…Genetic polymorphisms of other types of molecular markers of species of the genus Larix in the Urals, also including microsatellite markers, has been studied fragmentarily and the data obtained are insufficient for comprehensive assessment of the genetic structure and differentiation of the species in this region. Although the genetic diversity and population structure of L. sibirica populations have been addressed previously [40,41], here we provide a new approach and obtained more precise genetic diversity characterization by using microsatellites markers. In this regard, study of the genetic structure, population differentiation, and nature of the alleles of L. sibirica distribution from the Ural Mountains and West Eurasian Taiga forests based on polymorphism analysis of microsatellite markers.…”