Estudo de traumatismo craniencefálico experimental em ratos com aparelho de impacto cortical controlado

Abstract

Resumo Objetivo: Desenvolver um modelo de impacto cortical controlado (pneumático) para traumatismo craniencefálico experimental em ratos, sem exposição do encéfalo. Métodos: Com base em relatos da literatura, foi construído um modelo de impacto cortical pneumático, sendo testado em 30 ratos, com análise histopatológica de todos os animais. Resultados: Os resultados da análise histopatológica baseada na contagem de neurônios lesados por campo demonstraram a eficiência do modelo na produção de lesão traumática. Conclusão: Esse modelo para reprodução experimental de traumatismo craniencefálico poderá oferecer, por meio de metodologia reproduzível e clinicamente relevante, situações patológicas causadas por forças mecânicas em lesões traumáticas cranianas.

Closed head injury in rats: histopathological aspects in an experimental weight drop model

“…The histopathologycal findings described in this study are close of those observed in others researches involving closed head trauma in rats produced by others types of devices such as those operated by pneumatic pressure 10 .…”

“…Many experimental models were performed in the last decades so as to reproduce head trauma in laboratory [1][2][3] .A group of these studies uses the weight drop right trauma model mechanism or produces encephalic lesions through using pneumatic pistons regulated by compressed air 10 . The head trauma experimental models intend to reproduce the complex physiopathology of traumatic brain injury in laboratory in order to allow the development of new therapeutic approaches 1,2 .…”

Traumatic brain injury: clinical and pathological parameters in an experimental weightdrop model

“…Traumatic brain injury has a complex pathophysiology and happens in phases with several space and time specific mechanisms 1,2 . Many experimental studies 2 Several related models in the literature [2][3][4] allow producing a varied range of lesions from simple and reproducible mechanic principles, such as the models of weight dropping and direct impact by pneumatic piston. These models are able to produce a controlled cortical impact with increasing energy levels 4 .…”

“…Many experimental studies 2 Several related models in the literature [2][3][4] allow producing a varied range of lesions from simple and reproducible mechanic principles, such as the models of weight dropping and direct impact by pneumatic piston. These models are able to produce a controlled cortical impact with increasing energy levels 4 . The model involving weight fall has been used for a long time in order to produce diffuse lesions on encephala of rats for researches on experimental traumatic brain injury 2,3 .…”

“…The most diverse outcomes can be reached by varying the energy that the object passes on to the cranium of the animal when achieves it and the cranium of the animal relation with the support that is given to it (if mobile, rigid, deformable), but many other variables can be manipulated by researchers in order to create the desirable injury. Many disadvantages are linked to the dropping weights model such as the low speed performed by the object in free fall 4 . However, this model presents simple and easy reproductive physical principles, which allows the performance of several manipulations considered satisfactory for producing a great variety of encephalic injuries 5,6 .…”