ETFE-based anion-exchange membrane ionomer powders for alkaline membrane fuel cells: a first performance comparison of head-group chemistry

Biancolli, Ana Laura G.; Herranz, D.; Wang, Lianqin; Stehlíková, Gabriela; Bance-Soualhi, Rachida; Ponce-González, Julia; Ocón, P.; Ticianelli, Édson Antônio; Whelligan, Daniel K.; Varcoe, John R.; Santiago, Elisabete I.

doi:10.1039/c8ta08309f

Cited by 74 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The catalyst-coated gas diffusion electrode (GDE) method was used for fabricating the AEMFC electrodes as described in detail in previous publications. , Previously synthesized ETFE-based RG-AEI powder (containing benzyltrimethylammonium (BTMA) functional groups with an ion-exchange capacity (IEC) of 1.26 ± 0.06 mmol g –1 ) was ground with a pestle and mortar for 10 min. For each cathode GDE, the catalyst powder and the AEI powder (the latter always set to 20 wt % of the total solid mass) were mixed together with 1 mL of water and 9 mL of propan-2-ol.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of a Pd-CeO₂/C Anode with Pt and Pt-Free Cathode Catalysts in High Power Density Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Miller

Pagliaro

Bellini

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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Recent advances in developing high-performance anion exchange membranes (AEMs) for fuel cell (AEMFC) applications enable catalyst developers to investigate and test cheaper and/or more sustainable materials under operando fuel cell conditions. In this article, we integrate a high-performance Pd-CeO 2 /C hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) catalyst into AEMFCs in combination with different Pt and Pt-free cathodes. A H 2 / O 2 AEMFC peak power performance of 2 W cm −2 at 80 °C is obtained when using a Pt/C cathode (2 A cm −2 is achieved at a cell voltage of 0.6 V), which translates to 1 W cm −2 peak power density (0.7 A cm −2 is achieved at 0.6 V) at 60 °C with the switch to a cheap, critical raw material (CRM)-free Fe/C cathode catalyst.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of a Pd-CeO₂/C Anode with Pt and Pt-Free Cathode Catalysts in High Power Density Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Miller

Pagliaro

Bellini

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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“…(1) BTMA and BMP exhibit acceptable over 1,100 h under λ =10.0 conditions, and BMP possesses slightly higher alkaline stability than BTMA, implying that replacing BTMA into BMP will be helpful for benzyl ammonium‐based AEMs (such as for the development of DMP‐based HDPE). Note that Biancolli et al [40] . has previously demonstrated BMP‐based poly(ethylene‐co‐tetrafluoroethylene) (ETFE) ionomers showed higher alkaline stability and AEMFC durability than BTMA‐based ETFE.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insight into the Alkaline Stability of N‐Heterocyclic Ammonium Groups for Anion‐Exchange Polyelectrolytes

et al. 2021

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The alkaline stability of N‐heterocyclic ammonium (NHA) groups is a critical topic in anion‐exchange membranes (AEMs) and AEM fuel cells (AEMFCs). Here, we report a systematic study on the alkaline stability of 24 representative NHA groups at different hydration numbers (λ) at 80 °C. The results elucidate that γ‐substituted NHAs containing electron‐donating groups display superior alkaline stability, while electron‐withdrawing substituents are detrimental to durable NHAs. Density‐functional‐theory calculations and experimental results suggest that nucleophilic substitution is the dominant degradation pathway in NHAs, while Hofmann elimination is the primary degradation pathway for NHA‐based AEMs. Different degradation pathways determine the alkaline stability of NHAs or NHA‐based AEMs. AEMFC durability (from 1 A cm−2 to 3 A cm−2) suggests that NHA‐based AEMs are mainly subjected to Hofmann elimination under 1 A cm−2 current density for 1000 h, providing insights into the relationship between current density, λ value, and durability of NHA‐based AEMs.

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“…[ 139 ] The group of Kohl used this AEI to achieve a breakthrough of 3.4 W cm −2 power output with stable operation of 500 h. [ 138 ] Using a more alkaline stable cation group methylpiperidinium (MPRD), better durability for fuel cell was obtained. [ 152 ] Functionalized polystyrene, [ 153 ] poly(vinylbenzyl chloride) (PVBC), [ 154 ] and styrene‐ethylene‐butylene‐styrene (SEBS) [ 155 ] are also used as AEIs due to their stable backbones. For the polyaromatic category, the group of Jannasch first developed poly(arylene piperidinium) from Friedel–Crafts type polymerization reactions of N ‐methyl‐4‐piperidone electron‐rich phenyl monomers, as shown in Figure a.…”

Section: Anion Exchange Ionomermentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Insights on Catalyst Layers for Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

et al. 2021

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Anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs) performance have significantly improved in the last decade (>1 W cm−2), and is now comparable with that of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). At high current densities, issues in the catalyst layer (CL, composed of catalyst and ionomer), like oxygen transfer, water balance, and microstructural evolution, play important roles in the performance. In addition, CLs for AEMFCs have different requirements than for PEMFCs, such as chemical/physical stability, reaction mechanism, and mass transfer, because of different conductive media and pH environment. The anion exchange ionomer (AEI), which is the soluble or dispersed analogue of the anion exchange membrane (AEM), is required for hydroxide transport in the CL and is normally handled separately with the electrocatalyst during the electrode fabrication process. The importance of the AEI–catalyst interface in maximizing the utilization of electrocatalyst and fuel/oxygen transfer process must be carefully investigated. This review briefly covers new concepts in the complex AEMFC catalyst layer, before a detailed discussion on advances in CLs based on the design of AEIs and electrocatalysts. The importance of the structure–function relationship is highlighted with the aim of directing the further development of CLs for high‐performance AEMFC.

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ETFE-based anion-exchange membrane ionomer powders for alkaline membrane fuel cells: a first performance comparison of head-group chemistry

Abstract: Radiation-grafted anion-exchange ionomer powders were tested in anion-exchange membrane fuel cells.

Cited by 74 publications

References 34 publications

Integration of a Pd-CeO₂/C Anode with Pt and Pt-Free Cathode Catalysts in High Power Density Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Integration of a Pd-CeO₂/C Anode with Pt and Pt-Free Cathode Catalysts in High Power Density Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Insight into the Alkaline Stability of N‐Heterocyclic Ammonium Groups for Anion‐Exchange Polyelectrolytes

Recent Insights on Catalyst Layers for Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

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ETFE-based anion-exchange membrane ionomer powders for alkaline membrane fuel cells: a first performance comparison of head-group chemistry

Abstract: Radiation-grafted anion-exchange ionomer powders were tested in anion-exchange membrane fuel cells.

Cited by 74 publications

References 34 publications

Integration of a Pd-CeO2/C Anode with Pt and Pt-Free Cathode Catalysts in High Power Density Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Integration of a Pd-CeO2/C Anode with Pt and Pt-Free Cathode Catalysts in High Power Density Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Insight into the Alkaline Stability of N‐Heterocyclic Ammonium Groups for Anion‐Exchange Polyelectrolytes

Recent Insights on Catalyst Layers for Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

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Product

Resources

About

Integration of a Pd-CeO₂/C Anode with Pt and Pt-Free Cathode Catalysts in High Power Density Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Integration of a Pd-CeO₂/C Anode with Pt and Pt-Free Cathode Catalysts in High Power Density Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells