Ethnic differences in psychotropic drug response and pharmacokinetics

Lambert, Timothy; Norman, Trevor R.

doi:10.1017/cbo9780511544149.005

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 125 publications

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“…Third, while the well-established dosing regimen of clomipramine was administered in the present study, the maximum dose was much lower than those previously reported, with a maximum of 250-300 mg/day (Pizarro et al, 2014). This may represent an ethnic difference in tolerability to this drug, largely due to variations in cytochrome P450 enzymes (Lambert & Norman, 2013). Fourth, the sampling frame was mainly restricted to young adults recruited from local Chinese communities that may have distinctive perceptions on acupuncture therapy.…”

Section: Of 29mentioning

confidence: 83%

Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation as an adjunct therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder: A randomized controlled study

Feng

Zhang

Zhu

et al. 2016

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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Background: Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) is thought to have potential to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether adding TEAS to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and clomipramine would improve the efficacy of these conventional treatments in OCD.Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 360 OCD patients were assigned to receive TEAS combined with CBT plus clomipramine (Group A, n = 120), TEAS combined with CBT plus placebo (Group B, n = 120), and simulated (placebo) TEAS combined with CBT plus clomipramine (Group C, n = 120) for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was measured using the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS).Results: OCD symptoms in all patients reduced over time, however Groups A and B had a significantly greater reduction in Y-BOCS total score and the subscale for obsession and compulsion between week 2 and week 12 compared to Group C. Groups A and B had similar scores on these measures. Both groups had significantly higher rates of clinical response than Group C (88.3% and 81.7% vs. 67.5%, respectively, p < 0.001); and higher rates of remission (30.0% and 22.5% vs. 9.2%, respectively, p < 0.001).Group B experienced fewer adverse events than the other two groups.Conclusions: TEAS enhances the efficacy of conventional OCD interventions and avoids the adverse effects associated with conventional pharmacological treatment. It can be considered as an effective adjunct intervention for OCD.

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Section: Of 29mentioning

confidence: 83%

Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation as an adjunct therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder: A randomized controlled study

Feng

Zhang

Zhu

et al. 2016

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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“…Fifth, there were few reports of benzodiazepine use and functioning among subpopulations e.g., ethnic minority groups and rural-dwelling residents. It is necessary to determine differential risks as a function of these subpopulations because prescription of benzodiazepines is more common among women and non-minority groups, prescription practices can vary by region, and the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of benzodiazepines may vary by sex and race (Allen, Renner, DeVellis, Helmick, & Jordan, 2008; Franconi, Sanna, Straface, Chessa, & Rosano, 2012; Gleason et al, 1998;Lambert & Norman, 2008;Rasu, Shenolikar, Nahata, & Balkrishnan, 2005). Lastly, long-term consequences of benzodiazepine use on pain among older adults are unknown despite its increase in use with age among persons with pain (Chou, Qaseem, Snow, Casey, & Cross, 2007;Liu, Ye, Watson, & Tepper, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benzodiazepine (BZD) use in community-dwelling older adults: Longitudinal associations with mobility, functioning, and pain

Petrov

Sawyer

Kennedy

et al. 2014

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics

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The aim of the study was to determine the prospective association between baseline benzodiazepine use and mobility, functioning, and pain among urban and rural African-American and non-Hispanic white community-dwelling older adults. From 1999 to 2001, a cohort of 1,000 community-dwelling adults, aged ≥65 years, representing a random sample of Medicare beneficiaries, stratified by ethnicity, sex, and urban/rural residence were recruited. Benzodiazepine use was assessed at an in-home visit. Every six months thereafter, study outcomes were assessed via telephone for 8.5-years. Mobility was assessed with the Life-Space Assessment. Functioning was quantified with level of difficulty in five basic activities of daily living (ADL: bathing, dressing, transferring, toileting, eating), and six instrumental activities of daily living (shopping, managing money, preparing meals, light and heavy housework, telephone use). Pain was measured by frequency per week and the magnitude of interference with daily tasks. All analytic models were adjusted for relevant covariates and mental health symptoms. After multivariable adjustment, baseline benzodiazepine use was significantly associated with greater difficulty with basic ADL (Estimate = 0.39, 95%CI: 0.04–0.74), and more frequent pain (Estimate = 0.41, 95%CI: 0.09–0.74) in the total sample and declines in mobility among rural residents (Estimate = −0.67, t(5,902)= −1.98, p= .048), over 8.5 years. Benzodiazepine use was prospectively associated with greater risk for basic ADL difficulties and frequent pain among African-American and non-Hispanic white community-dwelling older adults, and life-space mobility declines among rural-dwellers, independently of relevant covariates. These findings highlight the potential long-term negative impact of benzodiazepine use among community-dwelling older adults.

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“…96 mg/day) and maximum dose (100 mg/day) in this study were much lower than those previously reported, with an average dose 153 mg/day and maximum dose 200 mg/day for the treatment of PTSD . This may represent an ethnic difference in tolerability to this drug, largely due to variations in cytochrome P450 enzymes . Third, the sampling frame was mainly restricted to adults recruited from local Chinese communities that may have distinctive perceptions of acupuncture therapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation for post‐traumatic stress disorder: Assessor‐blinded, randomized controlled study

Feng

Zhang

Wu³

et al. 2019

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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Aim Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) has the potential to alleviate post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The purpose of this study was to determine whether adding TEAS to sertraline or cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) could improve the anti‐PTSD efficacy. Methods In this randomized controlled trial, 240 PTSD patients (60 in each group) were assigned to receive simulated TEAS combined with sertraline (group A) or with CBT (group B), active TEAS combined with CBT (group C), or active TEAS combined with CBT plus sertraline (group D) for 12 weeks. The outcomes were measured using the Clinician‐Administered PTSD Scale, PTSD Check List‐Civilian Version, and 17‐item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression. Results While PTSD symptoms reduced over time in all patients, groups C and D had markedly greater improvement in both PTSD and depressive measures than groups A and B in all post‐baseline measurement points, with moderate to very large effect sizes of 0.484–2.244. Groups C and D also had a significantly higher rate than groups A and B on clinical response (85.0% and 95.0% vs 63.3% and 60.0%, P < 0.001) and on remission (15.0% and 25.0% vs 3.3% and 1.7%, P < 0.001). The incidence of adverse events was similar between groups A and D and between groups B and C. Conclusions Additional TEAS augments the anti‐PTSD and antidepressant efficacy of antidepressants or CBT, without increasing the incidence of adverse effects. TEAS could serve as an effective intervention for PTSD and comorbid depression. This trial was registered with http://www.chictr.org (no.: ChiCTR1800017255).

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Ethnic differences in psychotropic drug response and pharmacokinetics

Cited by 12 publications

References 125 publications

Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation as an adjunct therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder: A randomized controlled study

Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation as an adjunct therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder: A randomized controlled study

Benzodiazepine (BZD) use in community-dwelling older adults: Longitudinal associations with mobility, functioning, and pain

Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation for post‐traumatic stress disorder: Assessor‐blinded, randomized controlled study

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