Ethyl p -coumarate exerts antifungal activity in vitro and in vivo against fruit Alternaria alternata via membrane-targeted mechanism

Li, Wusun; Yuan, Shuzhi; Sun, Jing; Li, Qianqian; Jiang, Weibo; Cao, Jiankang

doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.04.024

Cited by 85 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Indeed, a significant inhibition of the RHO1 expression exposure to magnolol treatment was observed, indicating that the fungus was unable to activate the CWI pathway to overcome the stress. Meanwhile, the results from SEM microscopy also showed that magnolol destroyed cell wall integrity and permeability, which was consistent with the previous SEM observations on A. alternata treated with ethyl p -coumarate [ 30 ]. Taking the above into account, magnolol displayed strong antifungal and antimycotoxigenic activities against A. alternata by repressing the HOG and CWI signaling pathways and affecting cell wall integrity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The mycelial extending and biomass weight of A. alternata in our work could be strongly inhibited by up to 93.5% and 88.3% with the treatment of magnolol only at 25 μM. Moreover, the MIC value of magnolol on A. alternata was much lower than that of other natural phenolics including p -coumaric, ferulic and caffeic acids [ 30 , 31 ]. Therefore, magnolol could be a potential alternative for controlling Alternaria decay.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

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Transcriptomic Insights into the Antifungal Effects of Magnolol on the Growth and Mycotoxin Production of Alternaria alternata

Wang

Yuan

et al. 2020

Toxins

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Alternaria alternata is an important phytopathogen causing fruit black rot and also producing a variety of mycotoxins, such as alternariol (AOH) and alternariol monomethyl ether (AME) as two main contaminants. This could lead to economic losses of agricultural products as well as human health risks. In this study, magnolol extracted from the traditional Chinese herb, Mangnoliaofficinalis, exhibited an obvious antifungal property and could completely suppress the mycelial growth at 100 μM. Morphological differences of A. alternata were observed to be significantly shrunk and wrinkled after the exposure to magnolol. Furthermore, AOH and AME were no longer produced in response to 50 μM of magnolol. To uncover the antifungal and antimycotoxigenic mechanisms, the transcriptomic profiles of A. alternata—treated with or without magnolol—were evaluated. The clustered genes responsible for AOH and AME biosynthesis were obviously less transcribed under magnolol stress and this was further confirmed by qRT-PCR. The global regulators of carbon and nitrogen utilization, such as CreA and NmrA, were significantly down-regulated and this possibly caused the reduction in mycotoxins. In addition, fatty acid β-oxidation was regarded to contribute to polyketide mycotoxin production for the supply of precursor acetyl-CoA while the expression of these related genes was inhibited. The response to magnolol led to the marked alteration of oxidative stress and the down-expression of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway from the transcriptome data and the determination of peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) assays. This above might be the very reason for the growth supression and mycotoxin production of A. alternata by magnolol. This study provides new insights into its potential as an important active ingredient for the control of A. alternata and its mycotoxins in fruits and their products.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Transcriptomic Insights into the Antifungal Effects of Magnolol on the Growth and Mycotoxin Production of Alternaria alternata

Wang

Yuan

et al. 2020

Toxins

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“…In this study, pyraclostrobin showed strong inhibition on mycelial growth and destructive effect on membrane integrity of B. cinerea , causing high electrolyte leakage and massive accumulation of MDA. The results were in agreement with the reports of Li and Breaker (2012) that fungicides that disrupt cell membrane integrity exhibit improved ability to inhibit cell growth and were consistent with those reported previously (Li et al., 2018; Naik, 2003). Data suggested that pyraclostrobin treatment injured cell membrane and led to the failure of the antioxidant defence to prevent the formation of excessive oxidative stress.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Effect of membrane integrity on survival competition of Botrytis cinerea upon QoI fungicide pyraclostrobin

Xiong

Fan

et al. 2020

Journal of Phytopathology

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Botrytis cinerea, the causal agent of the grey mould disease, developed resistance to multiple fungicides. However, the role of cell membrane in survival competition of B. cinerea upon quinone outside inhibitor (QoI) fungicide has not yet been elucidated. In this paper, the enhancement of cystamine, a transglutaminase inhibitor, on membrane integrity of B. cinerea was determined, and the effect of the enhancement on the sensitivity of B. cinerea to pyraclostrobin was investigated. The results showed that pyraclostrobin inhibited mycelial growth with EC50 as 1.122 and 3.042 μg/ml at 24 and 48 hr, respectively. In the treatment of 5 and 50 μg/ml pyraclostrobin, membrane integrity of B. cinerea was broken, causing high permeability, lipid peroxidation, flocculent and malformed surface with vague septum and abundant agglomerates inside and outside the mycelia. Cystamine even at 50 and 200 μg/ml had little inhibitory effect on mycelial growth. However, in presence of 50 or 200 μg/ml cystamine, the mycelia from pyraclostrobin treatment possessed a significantly reduced leakage, lower MDA content, and a revived fibrous and transparent surface. Meanwhile, SEM images showed that membrane integrity of the mycelia was significantly improved and the agglomerates were dramatically disappeared. Synergy assays further revealed that B. cinerea regained less sensitivity to pyraclostrobin inhibition. In conclusion, membrane integrity controls mycelia sensitivity and is required for survival competition of B. cinerea upon pyraclostrobin.

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“…Antifungal activity of the synthesized NPs was examined both in vitro and in vivo applications. The measurement of in vitro mycelial growth was carried out by the protocol described by Li, Yuan, Sun, Li, Jiang and Cao . The antifungal assay for the inhibition of the Rhizopus oryzae was evaluated by incubating SDA (sabouraud dextrose agar) at 32 ± 2 °C with only media control, 50% synthetic fungicide (Matalyxal Mancozab) and Fe 2 O 3 NPs loaded with different concentrations of chitosan (0.25%, 0.50%, 075% and 1%).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organometallic assembling of chitosan‐Iron oxide nanoparticles with their antifungal evaluation againstRhizopus oryzae

Saqib

Zaman

Ullah

et al. 2019

Applied Organom Chemis

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The ever-increasing resistance of plant microbes towards fungicides and bactericides has been causing serious threat to plant production in recent years. For the development of an effective antifungal agent, we introduce a novel hydrothermal protocol for synthesis of chitosan iron oxide nanoparticles (CH-Fe 2 O 3 NPs) using acetate buffer of low pH 5.0 for intermolecular interaction of Fe 2 O 3 NPs and CH. The composite structure and elemental elucidation were carried out by using X-ray power diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Ultraviolet Visible Absorption Spectroscopy (UV-vis spectroscopy). Additionally, antifungal activity was evaluated both In vitro and In vivo against Rhizopus oryzae which is causing fruit rot disease of strawberry. We compared different concentrations (0.25%, 0.50%, 075% and 1%) of CH-Fe 2 O 3 NPs and 50% synthetic fungicide (Matalyxal Mancozab) to figure out suitable concentration for application in the field. XRD analysis showed a high crystalline nature of the NPs with average size of 52 nanometer (nm). SEM images revealed spherical shape with size range of 50-70 nm, whereas, TEM also revealed spherical shape, size ranging from 0 nm to 80 nm. EDX and FTIR results revealed presence of CH on surface of Fe 2 O 3 NPs. The band gap measurement showed peak 317-318 nm for bare Fe 2 O 3 NPs and CH-Fe 2 O 3 NPs respectively. Antifungal activity in both In vitro and In vivo significantly increased with increase in concentration. The overall results revealed high synergetic antifungal potential of organometallic CH-Fe 2 O 3 NPs against Rhizopus oryzae and suggest the use of CH-Fe 2 O 3 NPs against other Phyto-pathological diseases due to biodegradable nature.

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Ethyl p -coumarate exerts antifungal activity in vitro and in vivo against fruit Alternaria alternata via membrane-targeted mechanism

Cited by 85 publications

References 44 publications

Transcriptomic Insights into the Antifungal Effects of Magnolol on the Growth and Mycotoxin Production of Alternaria alternata

Transcriptomic Insights into the Antifungal Effects of Magnolol on the Growth and Mycotoxin Production of Alternaria alternata

Effect of membrane integrity on survival competition of Botrytis cinerea upon QoI fungicide pyraclostrobin

Organometallic assembling of chitosan‐Iron oxide nanoparticles with their antifungal evaluation againstRhizopus oryzae

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