Ethylene methyl acrylate copolymer (EMA) assisted dispersion of few-layer graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) in poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)

Ozdemir, Esra; Arenas, David Reinoso; Kelly, Nicole L.; Hanna, John V.; Rijswijk, Bram van; Degirmenci, Volkan; McNally, Tony

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122836

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…There are various studies in which silica is added to PET/PBT blend and various fillers such as organoclay, GO, graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) are added to PET. [3,5,6,8,9] Graphene has excellent thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties, a large surface area, and a high aspect ratio among the nanofillers. Therefore, when graphene is used in a polymer blend it can effectively improve the thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties of the blend.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the morphological, rheological, dynamic mechanical and mechanical characteristics of compatibilized graphene oxide/poly(ethylene terephthalate)/poly(butylene terephthalate) nanocomposites

2021

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The effectiveness of graphene oxide (GO) as reinforcement material and Joncryl as compatibilizing agent for poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/poly (butylene terephthalate) (PBT) blend was evaluated. The blend and its nanocomposites were produced via melt extrusion and injection molding. Properties of the produced samples were explored by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), melt rheological measurements, dynamic mechanical analysis, and tensile test. While there was no interaction between GO and PET/PBT, the addition of Joncryl to nanocomposites resulted in possible ring-opening reactions. SEM images showed that all nanocomposites were brittle and agglomerated while the PET/PBT matrix showed a ductile structure. The GO and Joncryl addition enhanced the viscoelastic properties of the PET/PBT. The tensile strength and elongation at break values of PET/PBT, decreased with the addition of GO, indicates weak interfacial adhesion. Joncryl has developed the mechanical properties by compatibilizing PET/PBT and GO.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the morphological, rheological, dynamic mechanical and mechanical characteristics of compatibilized graphene oxide/poly(ethylene terephthalate)/poly(butylene terephthalate) nanocomposites

2021

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“…Two peaks at 1435 and 1381 cm −1 can be attributed to CH 3 symmetric and asymmetric deformation. At wavenumber 958 cm −1 can be seen C–O–C stretching vibration and at 746 cm −1 is band characteristic for C–H stretching [ 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ]. However, after irradiation by UV-C, major changes were observed evidencing chemical changes in the polymer samples.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of UV Radiation on Optical Properties and Hardness of Transparent Wood

et al. 2021

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Optically transparent wood is a type of composite material, combining wood as a renewable resource with the optical and mechanical properties of synthetic polymers. During this study, the effect of monochromatic UV-C (λ—250 nm) radiation on transparent wood was evaluated. Samples of basswood were treated using a lignin modification method, to preserve most of the lignin, and subsequently impregnated with refractive-index-matched types of acrylic polymers (methyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate). Optical (transmittance, colour) and mechanical (shore D hardness) properties were measured to describe the degradation process over 35 days. The transmittance of the samples was significantly decreased during the first seven days (12% EMA, 15% MMA). The average lightness of both materials decreased by 10% (EMA) and 17% (MMA), and the colour shifted towards a red and yellow area of CIE L*a*b* space coordinates. The influence of UV-C radiation on the hardness of the samples was statistically insignificant (W+MMA 84.98 ± 2.05; W+EMA 84.89 ± 2.46), therefore the hardness mainly depends on the hardness of used acrylic polymer. The obtained results can be used to assess the effect of disinfection of transparent wood surfaces with UV-C radiation (e.g., due to inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 virus) on the change of its aesthetic and mechanical properties.

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“…Reactive extrusion is another way to achieve a low electrical percolation threshold in polymer composites due to its high capacity of molecular mixing. Ozdemir et al [22] studied the effects of the use of reactive extrusion in polyethylene terephthalate (PET)/GNP composites (0.25, 1, 3, 5, and 10 wt% GNP) and PET/copolymer of ethylene methyl acrylate (EMA) (2 wt %) blend-based GNP nanocomposites (0.25, 1, 3, 5, and 10 wt% GNP). Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and dynamic oscillatory rheology analysis showed the trans-esterification reaction between PET and EMA occurred during the reactive extrusion forming a crosslinked structure that formed a three-dimensional network between GNP particles, which lowered the electrical percolation threshold content of the composite when compared with the materials without EMA.…”

Section: F I G U R E 7 Schematic Diagram Indicating the Possible Proc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[17] Among the carbon materials used as antistatic agents, it is possible to mention CNTs, [18] carbon black (CB), [19] glassy carbon (GC), [20] graphene, [21] and graphite/graphene nanoplatelets (GNP). [22] The particles of antistatic agents have different shapes. The graphene consists exactly of an individual sheet of graphite, being, therefore, a two-dimensional material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review concerning the main factors that interfere in the electrical percolation threshold content of polymeric antistatic packaging with carbon fillers as antistatic agent

et al. 2021

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The use of high contents of carbon fillers in polymeric composites may decrease the mechanical properties of the polymeric matrices, as well as reduce their processability and increase the production costs of antistatic packaging used in the electronic industry. Therefore, it is of great technological interest the research on alternative approaches to produce polymer composites with low electrical percolation threshold. In this way, this review article focuses on the discussion of the main factors that interfere in the electrical percolation threshold of electrically conductive polymer composites, such as the aspect ratio of the carbon fillers and its particle size, the compatibility between the composite phases, the crystallinity degree of the polymeric matrix, the processing route and the location of fillers in multi-phase polymer blends. Additionally, the review article reports the latest studies related to the obtainment of polymer composites with low percolation threshold contents and produced with different types of carbon fillers.

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Ethylene methyl acrylate copolymer (EMA) assisted dispersion of few-layer graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) in poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)

Cited by 23 publications

References 33 publications

Evaluation of the morphological, rheological, dynamic mechanical and mechanical characteristics of compatibilized graphene oxide/poly(ethylene terephthalate)/poly(butylene terephthalate) nanocomposites

Evaluation of the morphological, rheological, dynamic mechanical and mechanical characteristics of compatibilized graphene oxide/poly(ethylene terephthalate)/poly(butylene terephthalate) nanocomposites

Effect of UV Radiation on Optical Properties and Hardness of Transparent Wood

A review concerning the main factors that interfere in the electrical percolation threshold content of polymeric antistatic packaging with carbon fillers as antistatic agent

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