Eustachian Tube of Several Mammalian Species

Sucheston, Martha E.; Cannon, M. Samuel

doi:10.1001/archotol.1971.00770060090011

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Sucheston has shown that the ET in rabbits has the same gross anatomy, with the same type of cartilage, arrangement of goblet cells, and mucoserous glands as humans. Like humans, and unlike some other species, they have lymphoid tissue surrounding the ET …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…The first objective was assessed through studies on human temporal bone cadaver specimens and the second objective through a study on live rabbits. Sucheston has described the ET in rabbit as similar to the human ET on both a gross and microscopic level . We believe the method to be applicable to humans with tympanostomy tubes.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Like humans, and unlike some other species, they have lymphoid tissue surrounding the ET. 13 Regardless of animal species, the ability to monitor symptomatology is limited, and the low number of subjects is in itself a limitation. We have chosen to present each CM injection as individual experiments-not considering whether the same animal was operated twicedue to the observations that all animals were healthy and there were no signs of inflammation after the first procedure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sucheston has described the ET in rabbit as similar to the human ET on both a gross and microscopic level. 13 We believe the method to be applicable to humans with tympanostomy tubes. The animal study was approved by the national animal research authority and was conducted according to European Communities Council Directive of November 24, 1986 (86/609/EEC) and the guidelines of Animal Research: Reporting In Vivo Experiments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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CT imaging of the eustachian tube using focal contrast medium administration: a feasibility study

Falkenberg-Jensen

Silvola

Laurvik³

et al. 2016

Laryngoscope Investig Oto

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ObjectivesWe aim to develop an imaging technique for visualization of the Eustachian tube (ET) lumen.Study DesignA prospective, experimental study in an animal model and in human cadaver specimens.MethodsApplying iodixanol to the middle ear in two human temporal bone specimens, followed by computed tomography (CT) examinations, we optimized contrast dilution, CT algorithm, and head positioning for visualization of contrast passage through the ET.Myringotomy was performed on eight rabbits. Based on the cadaver study, a 20% iodixanol solution was applied to the middle ear, and subsequent CT scans were performed to observe iodixanol in the epipharynx. For some animals, the procedure was repeated on the contralateral ear. We performed the procedure twice on four subjects. Twenty examinations were included.Iodixanol appearance in the ET and the epipharyngeal orifice was assessed qualitatively on CT scans. The tympanic membrane was inspected after 1 or 2 weeks, and histopathological examination of six contrast‐exposed temporal bones was performed.ResultsThe cadaver study provided information on imaging technique and contrast dosage. In rabbits, iodixanol passed through the ET in 19 of the 20 ears. Qualitatively, optimal visualization was seen after 9 to 12 minutes. Clinical inspection after 1 or 2 weeks revealed normal middle ear status. Histopathological samples showed no sign of inflammatory reaction in the tympanic membrane, middle ear, or ET.ConclusionIodixanol application to the middle ear is feasible, safe, and demonstrates patency of the ET.Level of EvidenceN/A.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 2 more Smart Citations

CT imaging of the eustachian tube using focal contrast medium administration: a feasibility study

Falkenberg-Jensen

Silvola

Laurvik³

et al. 2016

Laryngoscope Investig Oto

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“…Gerbil [15], chinchilla [16] and rabbit [17] have been used to investigate certain aspects of an ET treatment. These models are appropriate for biocompatibility tests [17], but even if the overall structure and histology of the tube is comparable to human [18], the size of the ET is much smaller. This leads to several problems such that stents being produced in human size need to be adapted for the respective species and their function can be affected [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Middle Ear Ventilation Disorders: Sheep as Animal Model for Stenting the Human Eustachian Tube – A Cadaver Study

et al. 2014

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Eustachian tube disorders can lead to chronic otitis media with consecutive conductive hearing loss. To improve treatment and to develop new types of implants such as stents, an adequate experimental animal model is required. As the middle ear of sheep is known to be comparable to the human middle ear, the dimensions of the Eustachian tube in two strains of sheep were investigated. The Eustachian tube and middle ear of half heads of heathland and blackface sheep were filled with silicone rubber, blended with barium sulfate to induce X-ray visibility. Images were taken by digital volume tomography. The tubes were segmented, and a three-dimensional model of every Eustachian tube was generated. The lengths, diameters and shapes were determined. Additionally, the feasibility of endoscopic stent implantation and fixation was tested in cadaver experiments. The length of the tube between ostium pharyngeum and the isthmus and the diameters were comparable to published values for the human tube. The tube was easily accessible through the nose, and then stents could be implanted and fixed at the isthmus. The sheep appears to be a promising model for testing new stent treatments for middle ear ventilation disorders.

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The Eustachian Tube: Basic Considerations

1972

Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America

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Eustachian Tube of Several Mammalian Species

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

CT imaging of the eustachian tube using focal contrast medium administration: a feasibility study

CT imaging of the eustachian tube using focal contrast medium administration: a feasibility study

Treatment of Middle Ear Ventilation Disorders: Sheep as Animal Model for Stenting the Human Eustachian Tube – A Cadaver Study

The Eustachian Tube: Basic Considerations

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